EFFECT OF ORGANIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON SOYBEAN-WHEAT CROP SEQUENCE UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITION Dr. J. P. Deshmukh Shri. S. N. Potkile Shri. P. V. Shingrup Shri. S. P. Patil Department of Agronomy Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola M.S. India

Introduction Objectives Soybean - wheat is the predominant cropping system in deep vertisols of central India.. In Maharashtra, there is growing awareness in farmers to cultivate crops under organic farming system Crop residues are good source of nutrients and are important components in the stability of organic agriculture. Now a days farmers prefer mechanical harvesting of crop due to shortage and high labour cost Mechanical harvesting provides a sizable quantity of crop residues is left in the field which can be easily recycled for nutrient supply. Nitrogen is the element to be first thrust in sense of organic farming. The use of organic inputs like FYM, VC, CR, jeevamrut and green leaf manure etc. are very well known for supplying the N in major quantity . improve physical, chemical, biological properties of the soil and also improve productivity of crops on sustainable basis . Objectives To study the effect of different organic sources on growth and yield of soybean –wheat cropping sequence To study the fertility status in soybean-wheat cropping sequence To study the economics of soybean –wheat cropping sequence

Methodology Treatment Details The experiment on soybean-wheat cropping sequence under irrigated condition was conducted during 2010-11 at Agronomy farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr.PDKV, Akola (MS). The soil of the experimental plot was clay with pH 8.1, Organic Carbon 4.2 g/Kg, Available nitrogen 212 Kg/ha, Available Phosphorus15.6 Kg/ha and Available Potassium 369 kg/ha. Design RBD with Three Replications Treatment Details Tr. Kharif (Soybean) Rabi (Wheat) T1 Control T2 100% RDN through FYM T3 100% RDN through Vermicompost T4 100% RDN through Compost T5 100% RDN through FYM + Jeevamrut 100% RDN through FYM+ Jeevamrut T6 100% RDN through Vermicompost+ Jeevamrut 100%RDNthroughVermicompost+ Jeevamrut T7 100% RDN through Compost+ Jeevamrut T8 Cotton Residue 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut T9 Wheat Residue 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut T10 Soybean Residue 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut

Soybean Eq. Yield (q/ha) System Profitability (Rs/ha/day) Results and conclusion System Productivity Significantly higher soybean seed equivalent yield (47.00 q/ha) was recorded with vermicompost + jeevamrut (T6) followed by compost + jeevamrut (T7) and only vermicompost (T3). However, the treatment T7 and T3 were at par with the treatment FYM + jeevamrut (T5) and it was significantly higher over rest of the treatments. Soybean seed equivalent yield (13.93 q/ha) was least in control (T1) Table 1 : Yield and economics of Soybean-wheat crop sequence as influenced by different treatments. Tr. Soybean (q/ha) Wheat (q/ha) Soybean Eq. Yield (q/ha) System GMR (Rs/ha) System NMR (Rs/ha) B:C Ratio System Profitability (Rs/ha/day) Grain Straw T1 7.75 10.63 11.77 15.56 13.93 37530 14025 1.60 38 T2 18.32 24.42 29.85 39.80 33.99 91573 55258 2.52 151 T3 22.17 33.25 35.53 52.23 40.48 110470 63745 2.36 175 T4 19.35 25.82 30.23 42.59 35.23 94994 57739 2.55 158 T5 21.81 30.39 34.59 48.83 39.97 107899 69588 2.82 191 T6 24.98 36.81 41.94 62.76 47.00 127222 78501 2.61 215 T7 22.51 31.07 35.19 50.02 40.98 110620 71369 196 T8 11.62 15.20 18.49 25.51 21.31 57472 28971 2.02 79 T9 10.86 12.66 13.85 19.88 18.13 48739 18238 50 T10 13.04 17.83 20.67 29.92 23.89 64501 31500 1.95 86 CD 5% 2.39 3.37 3.88 7.60 3.69 8651 -

Available Nutrient (kg ha-1) Soil fertility status Higher pH and EC was recorded in control and lower pH and EC was observed in treatment application of various organic sources and crop residues. The organic manures and crop residues are organic in nature and during their decomposition in soil, release organic acid in soil, may help to reduction in pH and EC. The increase in Organic carbon and available N, P and K content is due to the addition of organic sources over control The increase in organic carbon and available N, P and K content could be attributed to higher biomass production. The variation in organic carbon status and available N, P and K content among the treatments could be due to the different rate of oxidation of organic matter by microbes. The increase due to direct addition of NPK through organic manure in the soil. Table 2 Effect of organic sources on fertility status of soil Tr. pH EC (dSm-1) OC (g kg-1) Available Nutrient (kg ha-1) N P K T1 8.1 0.26 4.4 205.3 17.10 330.3 T2 7.5 0.25 4.9 225.2 22.3 346.5 T3 7.3 5.0 228.1 23.6 347.3 T4 7.6 4.8 220.7 22.1 341.2 T5 7.4 0.24 226.4 23.1 348.4 T6 230.3 23.7 349.5 T7 221.4 342.4 T8 7.7 4.6 214.5 20.7 337.5 T9 8.0 4.7 216.3 12.2 330.2 T10 7.8 218.5 23.4 342.6 WR VC+J

Economics Conclusion Monetary return (Rs/ha) In the soybean-wheat cropping sequence maximum GMR of Rs.1,27,222/-ha and NMR Rs.78501/ha and system profitability Rs 215 /ha/day were obtained with the application of vermicompost + jeevamrut (T6) treatment fallowed by compost + jeevamrut (T7). In case of B:C ratio maximum and equal B:C ratio values 2.82 were obtained in treatments supplied with FYM + jeevamrut (T5) and compost + jeevamrut (T7) fallowed by treatment vermicompost + jeevamrut (T6). The values of GMR and NMR except B:C ratio were lowest in wheat crop residues (T9) fallowed by the control (T1). Conclusion In organic farming, application of vermicompost, farmyard manure and compost alongwith jeevamrut found beneficial in increasing the system productivity, economic returns and fertility status of soil in soybean - wheat cropping sequence under irrigated condition.