Update on the EDMs in Storage Rings

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Presentation transcript:

Update on the EDMs in Storage Rings Flavour in the era of the LHC dEDM, CERN, 16 May 2006 Update on the EDMs in Storage Rings Yannis K. Semertzidis Brookhaven National Lab Experimental Technique Systematic errors Schedule Summary Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Accepted for publication by PRL hep-ex/0605022 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Resonance Electric Dipole Moment D @ 10-29e·cm would be the best EDM sensitivity over present or planned experiments for QCD, quark, and quark-chromo (T-odd Nuclear Forces) EDMs. D, P, 3He, etc., i.e. a facility to pin down the CP-violation source. Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Neutron/deuteron EDM Timeline Exp begin data taking Exp goal 2006 2007 2008 UCN-PSI 10-27ecm 2009 UCN-ILL 210-28ecm/yr 2010 2011 UCN-LANL/SNS 10-28ecm Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Future Prospects in electron EDM: Electron: YbF Ultra-cold molecules. Goal ~1000, B.E. Sauer et al. Electron: PbO*, goal ~1000, D. DeMille et al. E. Commins: “It takes 15 years for the electron EDM Exps from idea to end of exp…” Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Solid State Electron EDM Search at 50mK Estimated sensitivity 10-30ecm, no sensitivity to qcd Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Experimental Principle of dEDM Polarize Interact with an E-field Analyze as a function of time Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

The deuteron is a winner High intensity, polarized deuteron beams with high polarization are currently available Interact with a very strong E-field deuteron polarimeters are available, with high analyzing power for ~1.5 GeV/c d-momentum Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Electric Dipole Moments in Storage Rings e.g. 1T corresponds to 300 MV/m for relativistic particles Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Indirect Muon EDM limit from the g-2 Experiment x y z s β B Ron McNabb’s Thesis 2003: Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Vertical Spin Component without Velocity Modulation g-2 period Vertical Spin Component a.u. Time Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Vertical Spin Component with Velocity Modulation at a g-2 period Vertical Spin Component a.u. Time Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Vertical Spin Component with Velocity Modulation (longer Time) Vertical Spin Component a.u. Time 75 s 0 s Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Velocity (top) and g-2 oscillations Yuri Orlov’s idea  Particle velocity oscillations Time Particle SL oscillations (i.e. g-2 oscillations) SL Time Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL The Orlov ring 5m P01.5GeV/c B2T D=0 10m D0 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Deuteron Coherence Time Multipoles of B-fields Vertical (Pitch) and Horizontal Oscillations Finite Momentum Acceptance ΔP/P I.B. Vasserman et al., Phys. Lett. B198, 302 (1987); A.P. Lysenko, A.A. Polunin, and Yu.M. Shatunov, Particle Accelerators 18, 215 (1986). Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Deuteron Statistical Error: p : 1000s Polarization Lifetime (Coherence Time) A : 0.4 The left/right asymmetry observed by the polarimeter P : 0.95 The beam polarization Nc :1012d/cycle The total number of stored particles per cycle TTot: 5000h/yr. Total running time per year f : 0.016 Useful event rate fraction 0 : 0.01-0.03 Velocity modulation amplitude <B>: 1.2 T The average magnetic field around the ring Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Ideas to work (together) Synchrotron tune ~0.18, dv/v~1-3%, RF-cavity 10-20 MV Coherence time Polarimeter Integration Systematics Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL RF-Cavity issues Synchrotron tune ~0.18, dv/v~1-3%, RF-cavity 10-20MV Mei Bai (BNL), M. Blaskiewicz(BNL), Ilan Ben-Zvi (BNL), A. Facco (Padua), A. Luccio (BNL), Y.Orlov (Cornell, BNL), V. Shemelin (Cornell),… By Ilan Ben-Zvi Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Alternate bunches can have different velocities (for controlling systematic errors) Deuteron bunch EDM effect: Spin direction Spin Up Spin Down Velocity direction No EDM effect Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL 1/4 a cycle (~0.25 s) later Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Half a cycle (~0.5 s) later Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL 3/4 a cycle (~0.75 s) later Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

One full cycle (~1 s) later Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Coherence time issues Goal of 1000 s Use sextupoles, and possibly decapoles Needs to work at two different n-values (systematics) G. Onderwater (KVI), Y. Orlov (Cornell, BNL), V. Ptitsyn (BNL), Y. Shatunov (BINP) Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Polarimeter issues Asymmetry Efficiency Integration with rest of the experiment E. Stephenson (IUCF), G. Onderwater (KVI), A. Ferrari (Frascati). Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Systematics, collective effects Tune dependence of Br, systematic error Functional form of image charges interference Wake fields Beam tube wall resistance Tune shifts and other collective effects M. Blaskiewicz (BNL), A. Fedotov (BNL), B. Morse (BNL), Y.Orlov (Cornell, BNL), YkS (BNL), A. Sidorin (DUBNA),… Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Resonance EDM systematic errors Examples: 1) Skew quadrupole where D0, 2) RF-cavity (vertical offset or misalignment), … 3) … Remedy: They depend on the vertical tune… They all do! Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Systematics studies, tracking Particle and spin tracking Lattice parameter optimization Johan Bengtsson (BNL), Alfredo Luccio (BNL), Gerco Onderwater (KVI), YkS (BNL) Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Possible labs for 0.7-2GeV/c EDM Exps D, P, 3He (Polarized) Equipment needed Comment BNL Y, Y, Y OK! EBIS CERN N, N, N Polarized Source, Spin manipulating devices LHC + COSY Y, Y, N Intensity, commitment to GSI, Funding Frascati IUCF’s front end, Spin manipulating devices New direction, Intensity KVI Y, Y, ? Accumulator, Spin manipulating Dev. Funding? Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM at BNL Great physics opportunity; it will not be done at LHC The Infrastructure is there (polarized source, spin manipulating devices, …). The human factor: Hadron and spin expertise, one of the best in the world. Compatible with the lab mission: The nuclear physics lab of US, QCD Lab, QCD Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM at BNL Home of the successful (and sophisticated) muon g-2 experiment. Moderate cost to build a 5m by 10m ring Moderate Intensity, compatible with current capabilities Moderate power cost for running it: ~1.5GeV/c. One pulse every 1000s. Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL CERN? The Infrastructure for ions is there (no polarized source or spin manipulating devices). LEIR is going to be sitting idle for >10 months per year! The human factor: Hadron expertise one of the best in the world Enthusiastic endorsement (John Ellis, Jos Engelen,…) Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

LEIR as a possible location for the Orlov ring Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

EDM Collaboration Meetings January 2006: We decided to send the LOI to BNL to ask for support to finish the proposal. June 2006: finalize the ring parameters for the LOI. Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM Timeline June 2006 Letter of Intent We need to develop the final ring lattice and tolerances on parameters Goal for a proposal within a year from June 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Neutron/deuteron EDM Timeline Exp begin data taking Exp goal 2006 2007 2008 UCN-PSI 10-27ecm 2009 UCN-ILL 210-28ecm/yr 2010 2011 UCN-LANL/SNS 10-28ecm Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Neutron/deuteron EDM Timeline Exp begin data taking Exp goal 2006 2007 2008 UCN-PSI 10-27ecm 2009 UCN-ILL 210-28ecm/yr 2010 2011 UCN-LANL/SNS 10-28ecm 2012 Deuteron in Storage Ring 10-29ecm Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Overview First rate physics It will not be done at LHC Compatible with the mission and present infrastructure and expertise of BNL Moderate cost to build the 5m by 10m orlov ring; and a moderate power cost to run it (~1.5 GeV/c deuterons) Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Summary Neutron, and deuteron EDM experiments are sensitive probes of physics beyond the SM and of CP-violation in particular. Unique sensitivity to QCD Quark EDM Quark-color EDM with the deuteron at 10-29e·cm holding the best EDM sensitivity over present or planned experiments. Together n (p) and deuteron EDM exp: pinpoint EDM source, promising a very exciting decade…! Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Extra Slides Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

RF-fields and oscillation phases E-field in RF-cavity E-field [V/m] Time [ns] BR-field in RF-cavity B-field [T] Time [ns] Particle velocity oscillations  Time [ns] Particle SL oscillations (g-2) SL Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Time [ns] Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Effect of the vertical offset, YkS note #85 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Effect of the angular offset, YkS note #92 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Ramsey’s method Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Nuclear Scattering as Deuteron EDM polarimeter Ed Stephenson’s IDEA: make thick target defining aperture scatter into it with thin target detector system Alternative way: resonant slow extraction (Y. Orlov) “defining aperture” primary target U “extraction” target - ribbon L R D R Δ D Target could be Ar gas (higher Z). Detector is far enough away that doughnut illumination is not an acceptance issue: Δ < R. Hole is large compared to beam. Every- thing that goes through hole stays in the ring. Target “extracts” by Coulomb scattering deuterons onto thick main target. There’s not enough good events here to warrant detectors. Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Figure of merit = effiency   iT11 2 Absorptive spin-orbit inclusive Absorptive spin-orbit Experimental Work at KVI by G. Onderwater, E. Stephenson (IUCF), et al. to explore this parameter space. ? Coulomb rainbow momentum (GeV/c) Nuclear rainbow Extrapolation of nuclear rainbow effect is not known. Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Two half beam technique (RF-Quadrupole) This tune makes the Deuteron spin more Sensitive to background Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Backgrounds are vertical tune dependent; EDM signal is not! Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

neutron EDM exps in preparation UCN at PSI: Ramsey’s method of separated oscillatory fields. First goal 110-27ecm, begin data taking ~2008. UCN at ILL (Sussex, RAL,…): Ramsey’s method of separated oscillatory fields. Goal 210-28ecm/year, begin data taking 2009. Ultra-Cold Neutrons (UCN), at SNS (LANL,…): Polarized 3He stored together in a superfluid 4He. Goal 110-28 ecm, begin data taking ~2011. Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Current Atomic EDM Limits Paramagnetic Atoms, 205Tl: electron |de| < 1.610-27e·cm (90%CL) PRL 88, 071805 (2002) Diamagnetic Atoms, 199Hg Nucleus: |d(199Hg)| < 2.110-28e·cm (95%CL) PRL 86, 2505 (2001) Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

Yannis Semertzidis, BNL EDM Status Particle System Limit [ecm] Electron 205Tl (~10-24 ecm) 1.510-27 Mercury 199Hg atom 210-28 Proton 510-24 Neutron Ultra-Cold n 310-26 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002

A value of QCD =10-13 would create an EDM of System EDM value Proton -310-29ecm Neutron 310-29ecm Deuteron -110-29ecm Tl atom 510-31ecm Hg atom 110-32ecm Yannis Semertzidis, BNL Deuteron EDM update, CERN flavour, 16 May, 2006 Yannis Semertzidis, BNL. ICHEP02, 31 July 2002