Witold Nazarewicz (HRIBF scientific director) Comment on the FY2011 DOE Budget Request and its impact on the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Witold Nazarewicz (HRIBF scientific director) NSAC Meeting, March 2, 2011, Rockville, MD

The increase of $70,300,000 relative to the FY 2010 Appropriation (including SBIR/STTR) is dominated by a $64,000,000 increase in the profiles of large construction projects: a $46,000,000 increase for the 12 GeV CEBAF Upgrade project, consistent with the baselined funding profile, and an $18,000,000 increase for FRIB, consistent with the cooperative agreement with Michigan State University. The increases required for these two high priority projects have required strategic decisions elsewhere in the program, most notably the closure of HRIBF as a national user facility in FY 2012. $10,259,000 “The current U.S. program is world-leading, with the highest intensity fast exotic beams available at the NSCL and a unique set of beams from actinide targets at HRIBF.” “Clearly, the major national user facilities in the United States (NSCL at MSU, and HRIBF at ORNL) are now competitive with the world's other leading facilities and, thus, are extremely important.” “HRIBF has demonstrated the ability to accelerate approximately 175 radioactive isotopes including 140 neutron-rich species; more than 50 of these, including 132Sn, are available at intensities of 106/s or greater. The post-accelerated neutron-rich beams are unique worldwide.” “To launch the field into this new era requires the immediate construction of FRIB with its ability to produce ground-breaking research, and effective utilization of current user facilities, NSCL, HRIBF and ATLAS.” (FRIB recommendation)

UNIQUE: The first facility in the world to accelerate neutron-rich fission fragments above the Coulomb barrier.  Science that makes headlines and cover stories Societal impact Core capabilities used for society NNSA SSAA center Education for science and national needs In FY2010-2011 HRIBF has served 320 researchers doing experiments as users, representing 22 states and 20 countries.

High impact science Service to society

Impact of recent (2009-2010) Publications

Examples (on-line date) $38.9M (last 10 years), $25.2M (last 5 years) Investments in HRIBF 2001-2011 Investment Examples (on-line date) Cost Facility Laser systems for beam purification via resonant laser ion sources and RIB coolers (2011-12) ISOL development facilities ISOL production system upgrades Tandem accelerator improvements Beamline upgrades, power supplies, pumps, control systems, safety systems, etc… $9.7M Experimental Systems LeRIBSS (2008) CLARION MTAS (2012-13) ORRUBA (2011-12) GRETINA Infrastructure (2012) HPGe Detectors (2012) Transfer Reaction Instrumentation (2012) Gas Jet Target (2012) $9.5M High Power Target Laboratory (HPTL) On-line 2006 $4.8M Injector for Radioactive Ion Species 2 (IRIS2) On-line 2011 $4.7M ORIC Refurbishment Project Complete 2013 $4.2M ORNL infrastructure investment Cooling tower (2010) Electrical substation upgrades (2010) Variable frequency drives (2011) Program development $6M Total Investment in HRIBF $38.9M (last 10 years), $25.2M (last 5 years) Leading ISOL facility in the world High level of flexibility

Fruits of wise investments, devotion, and very hard work… The investments in HRIBF pay off! Last two weeks: February 2011 (online data) 0+ 2+ 84Ge 624 85Ga 73(15) ms n } βn = 65(30)% (5/2+) (1/2+) 85Ge 107 (5/2-) 85Ga54 624 keV 511 keV 583 keV βγ singles Summer 2006 February 2011 624 keV 107 keV 83Ge 81Zn 83Ga 84Ge 81Ga 78Ni 82Zn 84Ga 85Ge 85Ga 79Cu 83Zn 86Ga 86Ge 82Ga ? Fruits of wise investments, devotion, and very hard work… + 137Sb

Rates matter! Radioactive ion rates in particles per second (pps) GSI FRSa NSCLb ISOLDEc HRIBF cocktail post-fragm. cocktail post-fragmentation postaccel isotopically-pure ISOL beams 1997 Stopped/reaccel in-flight 2006d 2008e 2011f 81Zn - 3.0x10-3 6.6x10-3 75-550 30 300 82Zn 2.4x10-4 5.0x10-4 1.1x10-3 10-50 83Zn 1.9x10-5 4.0x10-5 1.2x10-4 1-5 85Ga 3.0x10-4 1.2x10-3 1.2 0.1 40 86Ga 8.0x10-6 7.0x10-6 1.4x10-4 0.15 1-3 Experimental rates at the detector stations (Bernas et al, Phys. Lett. B 414, 111, 1997) Predicted reaccelerated rates The postaccelerated rates are 10% of the ion source rates: https://oraweb.cern.ch/pls/isolde/query_tgt; Winger et al., Phys. Rev. C 81, 044303 (2010) Padgett et al., Phys. Rev. C 82, 064314 (2010) HRIBF IRIS2- LeRIBSS experiment, February 2011 Combination of ISOL beams, accelerated high intensity ISOL beams, and specialty instrumentation allowing high detection efficiency – make HRIBF unique worldwide

NOT shown at NSAC meeting, contains anticipated FRIB rates Rates matter! Radioactive ion rates in particles per second (pps) GSI FRSa HRIBF FRIBb cocktail post-fragm. isotopically-pure ISOL beams cocktail post-fragmentation 1997 2006c 2008d 2011e reaccel stopped in-flight 81Zn - 30 300 287 1100 3100 82Zn 2.4x10-4 10-50 82 317 900 83Zn 1.9x10-5 1-5 2 9 26 85Ga 1.2x10-4 0.1 40 43 170 510 86Ga 8.0x10-6 1-3 0.6 8 Experimental rates at the detector stations (Bernas et al, Phys. Lett. B 414, 111, 1997) Calculated rates for FRIB from http://groups.nscl.msu.edu/frib/rates/fribrates.html Winger et al., Phys. Rev. C 81, 044303 (2010) Padgett et al., Phys. Rev. C 82, 064314 (2010) HRIBF IRIS2- LeRIBSS experiment, February 2011 NOT shown at NSAC meeting, contains anticipated FRIB rates

HRIBF is unique worldwide; key component of the worldwide program HRIBF enables world-leading research in the field of rare isotopes. It is the only U.S. facility providing the capability for studying the properties of rare isotopes with ISOL techniques. Scientists at HRIBF are actively involved in a number of highly productive international collaborations in radioactive nuclear beam science, including R&D on targets, laser ion sources, and digital signal processing. There are ongoing collaborations, including Memoranda of Understanding, with a number of leading radioactive nuclear science laboratories worldwide. The number of international users at HRIBF is substantial and growing year by year; of the 26 scientific proposals submitted to the last Program Advisory Committee of HRIBF, 10 had international spokespersons and eight others had international participants. HRIBF provides the missing link on the path to FRIB HRIBF plays a crucial role in the pathway to FRIB with its proven capability to provide intense rare-isotope ISOL beams for the user community for the next decade and training the next generation of RNB scientists. The HRIBF also provides, in a cost-effective manner, continued scientific resources for the community of researchers using rare isotopes, allowing them to develop scientific programs and answer important scientific questions in preparation for, and in helping guide the first generation of experiments at FRIB. It will advance science and enhance the value of research at FRIB, while preparing the community and providing the technical advances to make an ISOL program at FRIB possible.

Over 200 U.S. and 400 International signatories as of March 2, noon Exciting and cost-effective upgrade plans and the new mission
 In November 2009 a very successful and internationally supported HRIBF users workshop was held: HRIBF, Upgrade for the FRIB Era in support of a proposed 70MeV cyclotron for HRIBF. The workshop was attended by 151 participants representing 44 institutions from 10 countries. The workshop identified exciting, cost-effective, and cost-saving upgrade plans that were submitted to DOE. REPORT HRIBF, Upgrade for the FRIB Era An HRIBF Users Workshop November 13-14, 2009 http://www.phy.ornl.gov/workshops/users09/ We urge you to consider the outstanding scientific opportunities and societal applications available though the facility, strategic relevance to FRIB, the importance of training nuclear scientists, and the proper use of recent investments – to find a way to preserve unique capabilities of HRIBF for science and the Nation. http://www.supporthribf.org/ Over 200 U.S. and 400 International signatories as of March 2, noon