The Constitutional Convention

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Presentation transcript:

The Constitutional Convention Convention set for May 1787 in Philadelphia Advertised as a revising of the AoC, but ended with an entirely new Constitution Had state constitutions as models Pennsylvania Massachusetts Shays’s Rebellion inspired delegates to attend who otherwise wouldn’t have gone

The Constitutional Convention The Framers 55 delegates 74 invited, 55 attended Rhode Island refused to send any delegates Mostly young but experienced 8 signers of the Declaration 7 Governors 34 lawyers 39 former members of the Congress of the Confederation Several wealthy, most well to do 1/3 veterans of the Continental army 3 physicians ½ college graduates 6 large plantation owners 8 important businesspersons

The Challenge How to create a government strong enough to preserve order but not so strong as to threaten liberty Washington selected as President, Virginia delegation introduced the draft created by Madison (who also took detailed notes of the convention)

The Virginia Plan Strong national union with three branches Legislative branch made up of two houses, one elected by people, second selected by first house Executive selected by legislature, judiciary appointed by legislature National legislature had supreme powers on all matters separate states couldn’t act on and could veto any state laws

The New Jersey Plan Amended Articles of Confederation Each state had one vote, regardless of population Congress able to regulate trade and impose taxes Several people, elected by Congress, would form executive branch

The Compromise aka the Great Compromise or the Connecticut Compromise House of Representatives based on population, elected by the people Senate with two Senators per state, chosen by state legislatures

Other Compromises Electoral college Presidential term Selection process of Supreme Court justices No export taxes 3/5 compromise