METHODOLOGY (Chapter 3) NOTE: To change the image on this slide, select the picture and delete it. Then click the Pictures icon in the placeholder to insert your own image. By Madam Maisara Azad Bt Mat Akhir

INTRODUCTION Now you are actually talking about what you are proposing. Again, be sure that this follows naturally from the Introduction in which you should have set up and highlighted some critical issue that needs to be resolved. What you should do now is to tell the reader how you would resolve this issue.

PURPOSE This section will provides a written description of the specific actions, plan, or strategy you will take to answer your research questions.

METHODOLOGY Methodology is a part that consist of the plan action: How you investigate the question? What will you do? How you will do it?

METHODOLOGY This section describes the experiment in such a way that it may be repeated exactly. The information in this section should not be a list of steps. The procedure is written concisely, but in paragraph form using mostly the FUTURE tense. The way the independent variable was varied, the numbers of replications, the control treatments, and the method of measuring the dependent variable(s) are all included. In short, it explains the subjects, measures, procedure, ethics, and analysis methods.

CONTENTS Overview of the Experiment/Design Location Research Framework (Overall Research Work)  Restrictions/Limiting Conditions Materials, Instrument and Apparatus Procedures Parameters / Variables and Responses The data collection process Approaches to data processing analysis  Statistical Analysis

RESEARCH FRAMEWORK/FLOW CHART

Sample 1 Sampling Bacteria Source Pre - Treatment Testing Using RCM Medium in Serum Bottle Evaluation H2 Potential Active Inoculum Stock Culture Optimization Studies Inoculum Development pH Characterization of Agriculture Waste Kinetic Study Dark Fermentation No 1 2 Yes Sample 1

Sample 2

Materials, APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS

MATERIALS / CHEMICALS

APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS In this subsection of the method section you describe any apparatus and or instruments you propose to use in your research study. The following information should be included: General description of the apparatus or instruments. (Brand, model, range/limit, function) Variables measured by instruments. Reliability and validity of instruments (range/limit, calibrartion) Why the instruments or apparatus are used.

APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS A tool or implement, especially one for scientific work. A measuring device Apparatus A collection of instruments, machines, tools, parts, or other equipment used for a particular purpose A machine having a specific function

APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS

APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS

Sample

PROCEDURES

PROCEDURES Lets see the sample from previous FYP students List down all scopes with details description Material/sample preparation, design work, simulation/modelling work, development or fabrication work, characterization and optimization Should specify the variables/parameters (independent and dependent) that will be used in the experiment with the min and max range that will be run. Determine how many of replicate / control Lets see the sample from previous FYP students

statistical techniques in data analysis

STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES IN DATA ANALYSIS You should identify the statistical techniques that will be used in data analysis to generate valid and reliable data Example : SPSS JMP DOE – Design-Expert software Minitab Modelling Software – CFD, Surfer software, Labview

STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES IN DATA ANALYSIS Minitab Software DOE Software

STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES IN DATA ANALYSIS CFD Software JMP Software Surfer Software

Rubric #3

RUBRIC NO CRITERIA EXEMPLARY PROFICIENT ACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE SCORE 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Clarity in the research process Excellent research procedures flow chart   Excellent description and flow of research procedures Good research procedures flow chart Good description and flow of research procedures Fair research procedures flow chart Moderate description and flow of research procedures Poor research procedures flow chart Poor description and flow of research procedures __ x1 = Rational Research Techniques Meeting Research Objectives. Concrete experimental procedures fully meet the research objectives. Sufficient experimental procedures meeting the research objectives. Fair experimental procedures partly meet the research objectives. Insubstantial experimental procedures and mostly not meeting the research objectives. Understanding of Research Procedures (e.g.: theories, equations and calculations ). In-depth understanding of scientific / fundamental knowledge in research method Sufficient understanding of scientific / fundamental knowledge in research method Moderate understanding of scientific / fundamental knowledge in research method Poor understanding of scientific / fundamental knowledge in research method Use of analytical tools and materials Clear description of tools (eg: brand, model no, location) and laboratory supplies chosed including the used of experimental design Sufficient description of tools (eg: brand, model no, location) and laboratory supplies chosed including brief explanation on the experimental design Moderate description of tools (eg: brand, model no, location) and laboratory supplies chosed including fair explanation on the experimental design Poor description of tools (eg: brand, model no, location) and laboratory supplies chosed and failed to highlight the experimental design Use of statistical techniques in data analysis. Sub-section at the end of Methodology Chapter (Modelling, DOE, statistical software) Excellent identification of statistical techniques used in data analysis to generate valid and reliable data. Good identification of statistical techniques used in data analysis to generate valid and reliable data. Adequate identification of statistical techniques used in data analysis to generate valid and reliable data. Poor identification of statistical techniques used in data analysis to generate valid and reliable data. __ x2 =

EXPECTED RESULT What do you expect to find out? Imagine what will be the result after this experiment. Must answer all the research question and objectives Lets see the sample from previous FYP students

SUBMISSION DATELINE Submission of Chapter 3, Expected Result, Gantt Chart, Milestones and References is on MONDAY 9 OCT before 12 pm at my room

Any question??

Thank you