Plant and Animal Cells

-How big do you think a cell is? We are made up of cells! A cell is the smallest structure that can carry out all the processes of a living thing. Different types of cells make up the different types of organs in your body -How big do you think a cell is? MICROSCOPIC!

Humans are made up of 60-90 trillion cells!!! THAT’S A LOT OF CELLS! Good thing they are microscopic because it would be hard to fit that many cells inside a human body if they were large! If you lined up the cells from end to end it would circle the earth 4.5 times! WOW!

Here is a picture of red blood cells under a microscope:

Can you guess what these are cells of? EAR HAIRS!

In your body… Your heart is made of different cells working together and forming specific jobs to make your heart work properly. Your lungs are made up of cells that have specific jobs that allow your body to breathe in and out. Your kidneys, eyes, skin… you name it… it is made up of cells! WOW!

In a tree: Is a tree alive? Yes! Cells help the tree grow tall, make food, transport water and more…

Think of a virus. It’s living, but it’s very simple. We’re made up of trillions of cells, but some organisms are unicellular. What do you think unicellular means? Look at the prefix. ONE CELL! Think of a virus. It’s living, but it’s very simple.

All plants and animals including humans, insects, trees… even worms are made up of cells! Cells are called- “the basic building blocks of life.” Why do you think people refer to or call cells that? BUILDING BLOCKS

In your group, decide which of these objects have cells and which do not. That’s a virus

CELLS ARE THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE This week we will look at two main types of cells: Plant Cells and Animal cells. These cells have a lot in common, but they also have a couple of differences. Remember… CELLS ARE THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE

Parts of the cell- Up Close! The Amazing Cells cell rap

Plant Cell Animal Cell Which do you think is an animal cell and which do you think is a plant cell? Why?

Cell Membrane Every cell has a flexible covering called a cell membrane. Come show me where the cell membrane is on my plant and animal cell. “Let’s the good stuff in and the bad stuff out”

“Let’s the good stuff in and the bad stuff out” Cell Membrane “Let’s the good stuff in and the bad stuff out” The cell membrane has tiny holes in it that allow important substances to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.

“Jelly-like substance. Holds the organelles in place.” CYTOPLASM All of the organelles (the inside pieces that we will talk about) are lying in a thick, watery, liquid called the cytoplasm. THINK JELLO! “Jelly-like substance. Holds the organelles in place.”

Nucleus Plant and animals both have a nucleus. It is like the brains of the cell. It controls everything that takes place in it. “The Brains”

Where do you think the nucleus is?

Creates energy for the cell. Mitochondria Creates energy for the cell. The mitochondria take in nutrients, which contain stored energy, then it breaks the nutrients down, and releases the stored energy. “POWERHOUSE!”

RIBOSOMES Some ribosomes float freely and others are attached to an organelle called the ER. “YUM, YUM,YUM! PROTEIN!”

Endoplasmic Reticulum or ER: This is the cell’s transportation system. It a series of tubes and sacs. It runs throughout the cell. You can usually find one pushed right up against the nucleus. Once those little proteins are made (ribosomes) they can travel to all different parts of the cell by hopping into the ER. “ WEOO, WEOO, WEOO TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM!”

It is a packaging organelle. Golgi Body “Mix it up! Pack it up!” Some of the proteins (ribosomes) that are made in the cell enter the Golgi Apparatus. Here they mix with other more complex materials and wait in the Golgi Apparatus until they can be used. It is a packaging organelle.

Vacuole- The vacuole stores food, water, and waste. “Plop, Plop, Plop- Store it.”

Let us review what we know! Review of all the organelles

Are plant cells any different than animal cells? Make an educated guess with your group and be ready to explain why you made that guess.

Yes, they are. Let’s see why...

1st: Chloroplasts Chloroplasts contain something called chlorophyll which is used during photosynthesis to make food. Chloroplasts ARE ONLY FOUND IN PLANT CELLS. Why wouldn’t an animal cell need chloroplasts?

Why would plants need something such as a cell wall? 2nd: Cell Wall The cell wall is the tough layer that surrounds plant cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides the cells with support and protection. Why would plants need something such as a cell wall?

3rd: Plant Cell Vacuole: It is much larger than animal cell vacuoles. Look at how HUGE those vacuoles are. Why would plant cells need large vacuoles? Can you remember what vacuoles do?

Compare the two vacuoles. Which one is larger?

Vacuole Mitochondria Chloroplast Ribosome Let’s Practice: What are each of the labels pointing to in the cell? Words: Cell Wall Cell Membrane Cytoplasm ER Vacuole Mitochondria Chloroplast Ribosome Golgi Body Nucleus

Mitochondria Ribosome Let’s Practice: What are each of the labels pointing to in the cell? Words: Cell Membrane vacuole Cytoplasm ER Mitochondria Ribosome Golgi Body Nucleus

Now you know all about plant and animal cells!