Which of the following is a statement of climate as compared to weather? Today, it is cloudy and raining. Rainfall amounts were about average this month. The winters here are dry and warm. The temperature will rise during the next week. It is 56°F and sunny.

Today, it is cloudy and raining. Which of the following is a statement of climate as compared to weather? Today, it is cloudy and raining. Rainfall amounts were about average this month. The winters here are dry and warm. The temperature will rise during the next week. It is 56°F and sunny. Answer: C Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.2 – Climate and Weather Earth Science LO: 1.2 – Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our planet works.

Which is not a component of the climate system? Human influences Average daily temperature Solar inputs Ocean currents Mountain ranges

Which is not a component of the climate system? Human influences Average daily temperature Solar inputs Ocean currents Mountain ranges Answer: B Diff: 2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Demonstrate the ability to make connections across geology Section: 12.2 – Climate and Weather Earth Science LO: 3.8 – Earth’s climate is an example of how complex interactions among systems can result in relatively sudden and significant changes.

Which of the following is considered a variable gas? Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Water vapor None of these are considered variable gases.

Which of the following is considered a variable gas? Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Water vapor None of these are considered variable gases. Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Demonstrate the ability to make connections across geology Section: 12.3 – The Atmosphere and the Cryosphere Earth Science LO: 1.2 – Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our planet works.

Which is not a glacial hazard? Tsunamis Ice dams Ice avalanches Crevasses Lahars

Which is not a glacial hazard? Tsunamis Ice dams Ice avalanches Crevasses Lahars Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Demonstrate the ability to make connections across geology Section: 12.3 – The Atmosphere and the Cryosphere Earth Science LO: 8.1 – Natural hazards result from natural Earth processes.

What are the three main time periods for which climate data are available for study? Industrial, twentieth century, modern Victorian, Industrial, modern Industrial, nineteenth century, twentieth century Instrumental, historical, paleo-proxy None of these are the correct time periods.

Industrial, twentieth century, modern Victorian, Industrial, modern What are the three main time periods for which climate data are available for study? Industrial, twentieth century, modern Victorian, Industrial, modern Industrial, nineteenth century, twentieth century Instrumental, historical, paleo-proxy None of these are the correct time periods. Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Demonstrate the ability to make connections across geology Section: 12.4 – How we study past Climate Change and Make Predictions Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

Which is not an example of paleoclimate proxy data? Carbon-14 Ocean temperatures Corals Ice cores Tree rings

Which is not an example of paleoclimate proxy data? Carbon-14 Ocean temperatures Corals Ice cores Tree rings Answer: B Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.4 – How we study past Climate Change and Make Predictions Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

What is the greatest difficulty in using Global Climate Models for prediction of future climate change? Difficulty is only limited by our acceptance of the modeled results. Coordinating among the many global climate models. The models require large expensive computing power. The models are inaccurate. Modeling future human behavior.

Difficulty is only limited by our acceptance of the modeled results. What is the greatest difficulty in using Global Climate Models for prediction of future climate change? Difficulty is only limited by our acceptance of the modeled results. Coordinating among the many global climate models. The models require large expensive computing power. The models are inaccurate. Modeling future human behavior. Answer: E Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.4 – How We Study Past Climate Change and Make Predictions Earth Science LO: 8.6 – Natural scientists are continually improving estimates of when and where natural hazards occur. 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

When has the most important evidence for global warming been collected and from what data? In the past 150,000 years from land temperatures In the past 150,000 years from ocean temperatures In the past 150 years from proxy evidence In the past 150 years from farmers’ crop records In the past 150 years from ocean temperatures

In the past 150,000 years from land temperatures When has the most important evidence for global warming been collected and from what data? In the past 150,000 years from land temperatures In the past 150,000 years from ocean temperatures In the past 150 years from proxy evidence In the past 150 years from farmers’ crop records In the past 150 years from ocean temperatures Answer: C Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.4 – How We Study Past Climate Change and Make Predictions Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

What is the greenhouse effect? Trapping of heat by water vapor and several other atmospheric gases None of these describe the greenhouse effect Increase in vegetation from rising temperatures The rise in average temperature Human activity that produces carbon dioxide

What is the greenhouse effect? Trapping of heat by water vapor and several other atmospheric gases None of these describe the greenhouse effect Increase in vegetation from rising temperatures The rise in average temperature Human activity that produces carbon dioxide Answer: A Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.5 – Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

According to the figure, how have global temperatures changed over the last 800,000 years? There is no way to know with our current knowledge – the figure is inconclusive. They have increased and decreased many times. They have been increasing. They have been decreasing. They have been steady.

They have increased and decreased many times. According to the figure, how have global temperatures changed over the last 800,000 years? There is no way to know with our current knowledge – the figure is inconclusive. They have increased and decreased many times. They have been increasing. They have been decreasing. They have been steady. Answer: B Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 3 Read and interpret graphs and data Section: 12.5 – Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

According to the figure, what has been the general trend in temperatures over the last 140 years? There is no way to know with our current knowledge – the figure is inconclusive. They have increased and decreased many times. They have been increasing. They have been decreasing. They have been steady.

They have increased and decreased many times. According to the figure, what has been the general trend in temperatures over the last 140 years? There is no way to know with our current knowledge – the figure is inconclusive. They have increased and decreased many times. They have been increasing. They have been decreasing. They have been steady. Answer: C Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 3 Read and interpret graphs and data Section: 12.5 – Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

___________ is defined as an imposed change in Earth’s energy balance. Climate change Global warming Climate restructuring Climate forcing None of these are correct.

___________ is defined as an imposed change in Earth’s energy balance. Climate change Global warming Climate restructuring Climate forcing None of these are correct. Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Demonstrate the ability to make connections across geology Section: 12.5 – Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

Which of these areas is a consequence if the ocean conveyor belt was not present? All of these are consequences Southeastern South America would be cooler There would be no climate change There would be no Milankovitch cycles Northern Europe would be cooler

All of these are consequences Which of these areas is a consequence if the ocean conveyor belt was not present? All of these are consequences Southeastern South America would be cooler There would be no climate change There would be no Milankovitch cycles Northern Europe would be cooler Answer: E Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.5 – Global Warming Earth Science LO: 1.2 – Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our planet works.

Why do scientists believe human activities are contributing to global warming? There is no evidence that human activities are contributing to global warming The recent warming greatly exceeds the natural variability The climate system is stable and can only change with anthropogenic forcing All natural changes have shown to be cooling the temperature Carbon dioxide levels have decreased in the past few decades

The recent warming greatly exceeds the natural variability Why do scientists believe human activities are contributing to global warming? There is no evidence that human activities are contributing to global warming The recent warming greatly exceeds the natural variability The climate system is stable and can only change with anthropogenic forcing All natural changes have shown to be cooling the temperature Carbon dioxide levels have decreased in the past few decades Answer: B Diff: 4 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.5 – Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

Which of the following is not expected to be caused by global warming? Decreased water supply to irrigate crops Increase in years between successive fires at a given location Shutting down of ski resorts on glaciers Migration of disease carrying mosquitoes Change in intensity and frequency of violent storms

Which of the following is not expected to be caused by global warming? Decreased water supply to irrigate crops Increase in years between successive fires at a given location Shutting down of ski resorts on glaciers Migration of disease carrying mosquitoes Change in intensity and frequency of violent storms Answer: B Diff: 4 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.6 – Potential Effects of Global Climate Change Earth Science LO: 8.2 – Natural hazards shape the history of human societies.

Which of the following is not a problem associated with glacial and sea ice melting? Melting glacial ice can lead to a rise in sea level. Melting glacial ice can increase melting due to exposed bare ground. Melting sea ice can lead to a rise in sea level. Glacial and sea ice melting reduces the water supply in some locations. Melting sea ice can lead to a change the habitat for polar bears, walruses, and some seabirds.

Melting glacial ice can lead to a rise in sea level. Which of the following is not a problem associated with glacial and sea ice melting? Melting glacial ice can lead to a rise in sea level. Melting glacial ice can increase melting due to exposed bare ground. Melting sea ice can lead to a rise in sea level. Glacial and sea ice melting reduces the water supply in some locations. Melting sea ice can lead to a change the habitat for polar bears, walruses, and some seabirds. Answer: C Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.6 – Potential Effects of Global Climate Change Earth Science LO: 8.2 – Natural hazards shape the history of human societies.

Which is not a potential consequence of sea level rise? Bleaching of coral reefs Increased coastal erosion Disappearance of small islands Relocation of communities and structures Landward migration of beaches and estuaries

Which is not a potential consequence of sea level rise? Bleaching of coral reefs Increased coastal erosion Disappearance of small islands Relocation of communities and structures Landward migration of beaches and estuaries Answer: A Diff: 4 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.6 – Potential Effects of Global Climate Change Earth Science LO: 8.2 – Natural hazards shape the history of human societies.

Which is not a way ecosystems will be impacted by global warming in the next 100 years? Some areas will receive precipitation less often but will be more intense Oceans are becoming more acidic All of these are ways the ecosystem will be impacted Growing seasons will be shortened River and stream temperatures will increase

Oceans are becoming more acidic Which is not a way ecosystems will be impacted by global warming in the next 100 years? Some areas will receive precipitation less often but will be more intense Oceans are becoming more acidic All of these are ways the ecosystem will be impacted Growing seasons will be shortened River and stream temperatures will increase Answer: D Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.6 – Potential Effects of Global Climate Change Earth Science LO: 8.2 – Natural hazards shape the history of human societies.

Which is a main reason it is difficult to apply uniformitarianism to understand the current climate processes? We have never seen similar climate processes in the past. It is not difficult, we have all the data needed to apply unifomitarianism. The period of interest (past few centuries to 1000 years ago) is the one that is the most difficult to collect climate data. Unifomitarianism is not used to understand current climate processes. There is conflicting data from the period of interest (past few centuries to 1000 years ago).

We have never seen similar climate processes in the past. Which is a main reason it is difficult to apply uniformitarianism to understand the current climate processes? We have never seen similar climate processes in the past. It is not difficult, we have all the data needed to apply unifomitarianism. The period of interest (past few centuries to 1000 years ago) is the one that is the most difficult to collect climate data. Unifomitarianism is not used to understand current climate processes. There is conflicting data from the period of interest (past few centuries to 1000 years ago). Answer: C Diff: 4 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.7 – Predicting the Future Climate Earth Science LO: 9.2 – Earth scientists use the geologic record to distinguish between natural and human influences on Earth’s systems.

According to the figure, if carbon dioxide emissions were reduced and the peak was during years 2000–2050, when could we expect to see temperatures stabilize? Immediately after the emissions are reduced Possibly in year 2300 The temperatures will not stabilize Not until year 3000 at a minimum Possibly in year 2100

Immediately after the emissions are reduced Possibly in year 2300 According to the figure, if carbon dioxide emissions were reduced and the peak was during years 2000–2050, when could we expect to see temperatures stabilize? Immediately after the emissions are reduced Possibly in year 2300 The temperatures will not stabilize Not until year 3000 at a minimum Possibly in year 2100 Answer: B Diff: 4 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 3 Read and interpret graphs and data Section: 12.8 – Strategies for Reducing the Impact of Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.3 – Humans cause global climate change through fossil fuel consumption, land - use changes, agricultural practices, and industrial processes.

Which is not a way to sequester carbon? Salt aquifers in the United States Sedimentary rocks that contain salty water Saltwater aquifer below the North Sea Depleted oil fields Glacier ice in Greenland

Which is not a way to sequester carbon? Salt aquifers in the United States Sedimentary rocks that contain salty water Saltwater aquifer below the North Sea Depleted oil fields Glacier ice in Greenland Answer: E Diff: 2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Demonstrate the ability to make connections across geology Section: 12.8 – Strategies for Reducing the Impact of Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.8 – Earth scientists document and seek to understand the impacts of humans on global change over short and long time spans.

Which is not an abrupt climate change that could cause a serious risk to humans and the natural environment? Rapid release of methane to the atmosphere Abrupt change in pattern of circulation in the Atlantic Ocean Rapid change in sea level Rapid release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere Droughts and floods

Rapid release of methane to the atmosphere Which is not an abrupt climate change that could cause a serious risk to humans and the natural environment? Rapid release of methane to the atmosphere Abrupt change in pattern of circulation in the Atlantic Ocean Rapid change in sea level Rapid release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere Droughts and floods Answer: D Diff: 4 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.8 – Strategies for Reducing the Impact of Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.8 – Earth scientists document and seek to understand the impacts of humans on global change over short and long time spans.

If abrupt climate change during the next century is unlikely, why is it important to make changes now? It takes time to initiate policy changes Geological data shows that short-term changes are best All of these are reasons to make changes now Stabilization is immediate, so the sooner the better We are running out of sequestration locations

It takes time to initiate policy changes If abrupt climate change during the next century is unlikely, why is it important to make changes now? It takes time to initiate policy changes Geological data shows that short-term changes are best All of these are reasons to make changes now Stabilization is immediate, so the sooner the better We are running out of sequestration locations Answer: A Diff: 3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension Global Sci Out: 2 Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills Section: 12.8 – Strategies for Reducing the Impact of Global Warming Earth Science LO: 9.8 – Earth scientists document and seek to understand the impacts of humans on global change over short and long time spans.