CONFINED SPACE: AWARENESS & SAFETY CONFINED SPACE MODULE CONFINED SPACE: AWARENESS & SAFETY

INTRODUCTION TO CONFINED SPACE UNIT 1.2 INTRODUCTION TO CONFINED SPACE Student Manual Pages 5 through 8

UNIT OBJECTIVES The Student Shall: Describe Various Confined Space Incidents That Have Caused Injury Or Death. Explain Why Training And Proper Planning Are Necessary For An Effective Confined Space Rescue.

YOUR EXPERIENCES DO ANY OF YOU HAVE ANY KNOWLEDGE OF OR EXPERIENCE WITH CONFINED SPACE RESCUE?

LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA NORFOLK, VIRGINIA CASE HISTORIES BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK LA PLATA, MARYLAND PHOENIX, ARIZONA ANCHORAGE, ALASKA BRISTOL, NEW HAMPSHIRE LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA NORFOLK, VIRGINIA

NORFOLK, VIRGINIA INCIDENT 1988 Occurred onboard the USS Ponce (LPD 15) at the Naval Amphibious Base- Little Creek in the City of Norfolk, VA. Firefighter Robert L. Hoeflein of the Naval Amphibious Base FD died during rescue attempt.

OSHA STATISICS Almost 240,000 Establishments With 4.8 Million Permit Required Confined Spaces 1.6 Million Workers Who Enter These Spaces Average of 67 Fatalities Per Year - Up To 60% Are Would-be Rescuers 5900 Lost Work Day Accidents Per Year 7000 Non-Lost Work Day Accidents Per Year

Working in confined spaces can be very dangerous. UNIT SUMMARY Working in confined spaces can be very dangerous. As the statistics show, performing rescues in confined can be even more dangerous. Proper planning and the use of well trained and equipped personnel are the key ingredients to a successful rescue operation.

REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNIT 1.3 REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS Student Manual Pages 9 through 16

UNIT OBJECTIVES UNIT OBJECTIVES The Student Shall: Identify The Regulations Which Must Be Followed When Performing Confined Space Rescue. Explain How These Regulations Impact The Delivery Of Confined Space Rescue Services. Identify Other Standards That Are Used To Assist In Developing SOPs And Response Plans.

DEFINITION OF CONFINED SPACE Is Large Enough And Configured So Someone Can Enter And Work. Has Limited Or Restricted Entry Or Exit. AND Is Not Designed For Continuous Occupancy.

Examples of Confined Spaces

Definition of Permit Required Confined Space Has One Or More Of The Following Characteristics: Contains Or May Potentially Contain A Hazardous Atmosphere. Contains A Material With The Potential To Engulf An Entrant. Has Inwardly Converging Walls Or A Downward Sloping Floor And Tapers To A Smaller Cross-section That Could Entrap Or Asphyxiate An Entrant. Contains Any Other Recognized Serious Safety Or Health Hazard.

Major Functions Attendant Entrant Entry Supervisor -or- Command

Rescue & Emergency Services May be on-site or off-site team. On-site Teams Advantages - Quick response - Familiar with spaces Disadvantages - May not be well versed in "unusual" situations. - May not be trained for difficult rescues. Off-site Teams (i.e.. Fire Depts. etc.) - Available for calls where permit not required or team not provided. - Because of non-site specific responsibilities, must train for any situation. (versatility) - Slower response times - May not have detailed knowledge of the space. Equipment and PPE must be provided to perform rescues.

REQUIRED RESCUE TEAM TRAINING Rescue Teams Must Be Trained In The Following Areas: Personal Protective Equipment. Rescue Equipment. Duties Assigned To The Individual. Simulated Rescues From Actual Or Representative Spaces On An Annual Basis. First Aid And CPR

Other Requirements Rescue service must be informed of hazards & provided access to the space for planning & training. Requires use of retrieval systems on entrants unless shown to create a greater hazard

These mandatory and recommended standards include : UNIT SUMMARY There are a number of standards that we are required to follow if we are going to perform rescues from confined spaces. While these standards may at times seem burdensome, their existence provides us with a framework in which to train and equip our people for a safe and effective rescue. These mandatory and recommended standards include : OSHA (Occupational Standards & Health Administration) ANSI (American National Standards Institute) NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)

FIRE DEPARTMENT CONFINED SPACE RESCUE PLANS UNIT 1.4 FIRE DEPARTMENT CONFINED SPACE RESCUE PLANS Student Manual Pages 17 through 22

UNIT OBJECTIVES The Student Shall: Identify The Components Of A Fire Department Confined Space Response Plan Describe The Reasons Why A Response Plan Is Necessary

RESPONSE PLAN COMPONENTS Identification Of Confined Spaces On Fire Department Property Department Will Have To Follow Regulations Like Any Other Employer With Spaces On Their Property. In The Response District Industrial, Commercial And Institutional Areas Agriculture Marine Public Services

RESPONSE PLAN COMPONENTS Department Response Levels Primary Response Team Backup Response Team First Responder Support Response No Response

RESPONSE PLAN COMPONENTS Personnel Requirements Selection Of Personnel Duties of Individuals and Companies Training Incident Command Resources

RESPONSE PLAN COMPONENTS Equipment Requirements Types Of Equipment Needed Based On Response Level Availability Of Equipment How quickly can the equipment be obtained if not in- house.

Response Checklist Purpose is to provide a permit for entry into confined spaces for rescue. Provides checklist for various hazards that may be present and the appropriate procedure to deal with the hazard. Assists in determining risk vs. benefit Rescue versus Recovery

UNIT SUMMARY Identification Of Confined Spaces In The District Fire Department Response Levels Personnel Requirements Equipment Requirements Confined Space Response Checklist

CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS UNIT 2.2a CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS Student Manual Pages 37 through 40

The Student Shall: UNIT OBJECTIVE Identify And Describe The Various Potential Hazards Associated With Confined Spaces.

Hazardous Atmospheres Oxygen-Deficient Atmospheres Flammable Atmospheres Toxic Atmospheres

General/Physical Hazards Temperature Extremes Engulfment Hazards Noise Slick / Wet Surfaces Falling Objects Released Energy And Materials

UNIT SUMMARY The hazards involved in confined space rescue may or may not be readily identifiable and may change very quickly. While the majority of injuries and deaths occur from atmospheric hazards, the physical hazards associated with confined spaces can make a rescue situation very dangerous.

Student Manual Pages 61 through 64 UNIT 2.2e SPACE ISOLATION Student Manual Pages 61 through 64

The Student Shall: UNIT OBJECTIVES Identify The Various Hazards Associated With Confined Space Isolation. Identify And List The Techniques Available To Isolate Confined Spaces. List The 6 Points Of The OSHA Isolation Procedure.

OSHA Isolation Procedure 1) Prepare For Shutdown 2) Shut Down The Equipment 3) Isolate The Equipment 4) Apply Lockout, Tagout And/Or Bleed/Block Devices 5) Control Stored Energy 6) Verify Isolation Of The Space

Lockout / Tagout Devices Lockout Hasp Valve Cover Lockout Tag

Lockout / Tagout Devices

Bleed / Block PROCESS VESSEL OR TANK Line Blind Valves Closed, Secured and Tagged Drain Cap (Removed) Tag Flanged Dutchman (Removed) PROCESS VESSEL OR TANK Tag Blank With Blind Flanges Attach hose to drain pipe nipple when cap is removed, and run free end into container on floor or run to a safe area, as appropriate. Tag Blind Flange Container

UNIT SUMMARY Hazards Requiring Isolation OSHA 6 Step Isolation Procedure Methods Of Space Isolation

CASE HISTORIES Case History 1- Case History 2- Case History 3- Bulk Petroleum Storage Facility Case History 2- Sewer Line Manhole Case History 3- Electroplating Company Case History 4- Firefighter in a Well