Water review oceans S6E3 & S6E5

What is the ratio of freshwater to saltwater on earth. A What is the ratio of freshwater to saltwater on earth? A. 50% fresh: 50% salt B. 30% fresh : 70% salt C. 3% fresh: 97% salt D. 50% fresh: 50% salt

C. 3% fresh: 97% salt

Another name for dissolved salt is _____. (Water) (Salt)

Salinity Also known as saline

What is the average salinity (% of dissolved salt) in ocean water?

3.5%

What is the ultimate source of the salt & minerals in the oceans. A What is the ultimate source of the salt & minerals in the oceans? A. volcanic eruptions B. rocks & minerals dissolved in river water c. all of the above 

What gases are dissolved in the ocean water?

Oxygen & carbon dioxide

What does salt do to the ocean water. A. lowers the freezing point b What does salt do to the ocean water? A. lowers the freezing point b. makes seawater more dense c. creates greater buoyancy – float higher d. all of the above

YES. All of these. A. lowers the freezing point b YES! All of these! A. lowers the freezing point b. makes seawater more dense c. creates greater buoyancy – float higher d. all of the above

The spin of earth on its axis makes winds & water appear to curve The spin of earth on its axis makes winds & water appear to curve. What is this called?

The Coriolis effect northern hemisphere = water moves clockwise (to the right) southern hemisphere = water moves counter clockwise (to the left)

Yes! Both of these! Magma/lava is melted rock…made of minerals rivers erode rocks (& minerals) and carry them into the oceans A. volcanic eruptions B. rocks & minerals dissolved in river water c. all of the above 

TRUe or false? Salinity affects the density & freezing point of water

True! Salt makes water more dense (more particles are in the water) salt lowers the freezing point of water

What is the most abundant salt in ocean water?

Sodium Chloride NaCl

What is the correct order of the world’s oceans from largest to smallest?

Pacific atlantic indian southern arctic

Which area below is likely to have the lower salinity. A Which area below is likely to have the lower salinity? A. A warm tropical gulf B. where a river empties into an ocean WHY?

B. where a river empties into an ocean remember…adding freshwater lowers salinity rivers = freshwater precipitation = freshwater

Where would the salinity of the ocean be higher. A Where would the salinity of the ocean be higher? A. the cold arctic ocean b. the middle of the Atlantic ocean WHY?

A. the cold arctic ocean Remember…temp. matters A. the cold arctic ocean Remember…temp. matters! salt is left behind in hot areas = evaporation cold areas = freezing

A rush of water that flows out to sea in an opening in a sandbar is called A ______________. These can be very dangerous, so look for signs that they are there & swim parallel to the shore if you get caught in one.

Rip current

What causes tides?

The pull of the earth’s waters is caused by the gravitational pull of the moon & the sun. Tides are the rise & fall of the water on the coastlines

What do we call the daily tides? (12 hours apart…they alternate)

High tide & low tide

What do we call the monthly tides. When do they happen What do we call the monthly tides? When do they happen? (during What phases of the moon)

Spring tide (during full moon & new moon straight line pull) & neap tide (during 1st quarter & 3rd quarter moons 90º angle positons)

If A sailboat is traveling around the world without a motor, what can help to move it along, other than winds that blow the sails?

currents

Fun fact: cold ocean currents can start to move near the poles because cold, dense water sinks.

What common cause do waves and surface currents have?

They are both caused by wind

What is formed as energy is transferred from wind blowing through the water?

waves

What 3 factors affect the size of waves What 3 factors affect the size of waves? (Think…this has to be about wind…)

1. Strength of the wind 2. Length of time the wind blows 3 1. Strength of the wind 2. Length of time the wind blows 3. distance over which the wind blows

When a tsunami hits shore, what part of the wave is most destructive? A. trough b. wave length c. wave height

c. wave height

What do we call a wave at the beach What do we call a wave at the beach ? (the kind surfers ride or you jump when playing in the water)

Breaker waves when a wave approaches the shore in shallower water, the wave length decreases, while its height increases, so it topples over and crashes on the beach.

Funfact: Between freshwater and saltwater areas, where they “mix”, the water can be somewhat salty. We call this brackish water

Fishermen know to pay attention to the winds and temperature of the water because the nutrients that fish need will come towards the surface when this happens…

Upwelling winds blow warm water away, so the cold water moves upward to fill the space, bringing the nutrients & fish upward

Know your oceans & be able to answer “travel” questions!

Look at the ocean floor topography diagram from left to right Look at the ocean floor topography diagram from left to right. A few questions will follow…

What is the correct sequence of the ocean floor features from the shore out to the open ocean? A. continental slopecontinental shelfmid-ocean ridge B. continental shelfcontinental slopeabyssal plain C. continental slopecontinental shelfabyssal plain

C. continental shelfcontinental slopeabyssal plain

Which feature of the ocean floor is most like the grand canyon. A Which feature of the ocean floor is most like the grand canyon? A. abyssal plains b. oceanic trench c. Mid-ocean ridge D. continental slope

b. oceanic trench Grand Canyon

Which feature of the ocean floor can be compared to a mountain range? A. abyssal plains b. oceanic trench c. Mid-ocean ridge D. continental slope

c. Mid-ocean ridge Mountain Range

Which feature of the ocean floor is compared to the European plains Which feature of the ocean floor is compared to the European plains?  A. abyssal plains b. oceanic trench c. Mid-ocean ridge D. continental slope

A. abyssal plains Plains: Like The Great Plains, European Plains

Please, Study. Remember…we are getting ready for our unit 4 test Please, Study! Remember…we are getting ready for our unit 4 test. Making the grade = enrichment reward not making the grade = review work