Equality of opportunity Equal opportunities and barriers to participation in sport Symond Burrows Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

Target groups to focus on in the UK Women People with disabilities Ethnic minorities Target groups Poorer socioeconomic groups and elderly people Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

You must be able to Understand the barriers to participation in physical activity (i.e. causes) Give strategies to increase participation (i.e. solutions) NB: Many of the barriers/strategies are the same for each group (e.g. lack of money/limited time/access to facilities) Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

Common barriers to participation Can you think of any? Fotolia Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

Common barriers to participation Attitudes Discrimination (i.e. unfair treatment/imbalance of power) Myths/stereotyping (e.g. false beliefs such as sport is harmful for women, women are not aggressive) Lack of confidence/esteem/few positive role models (attitudes/influence of family/friends/not seen regularly in media) Social class/cultural norms Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

Access to active leisure Equipment/facilities – adapted specialist facilities/equipment for certain groups Lack of clubs catering for specific needs Lack of specialist transport Lack of information/awareness Funding/fees/disposable income (money available) Lack of time due to family and/or work commitments Poor initial health/fitness levels Education/influence of schooling Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

Common solutions to low participation in target groups Reduce discrimination/make it illegal/take legal action Education (or re-education!) raising awareness of the abilities of each target group Reduce fees/improve funding (e.g. subsidise hiring of facilities) Inclusive policies in schools/local authorities Campaigns (e.g. Kick it Out, This Girl Can) Positive role models/positive images of groups involved in physical activity Emphasis on ‘recreational’ involvement (raise confidence) Improve access to/around facilities Train/provide more specialist coaches Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

What about you? Relate it to yourself What factors have hindered your participation or the participation of someone you know in the target groups outlined above? Fotolia Hodder & Stoughton © 2016

This resource is part of PE Review, a magazine written for A-level students by subject experts. To subscribe to the full magazine go to http://www.hoddereducation.co.uk/pereview Hodder & Stoughton © 2016