Industrial Revolution Influential Ideologies from 1700-1880

Influential Ideologies Romanticism Realism Utilitarianism Socialism Utopianism Liberalism Nationalism Commercialism Materialism Feminism Communism Laissez-Faire Capitalism

Romanticism Literature Visual Arts Poetry (Yeats) Fairy tales (Grimms) Novels Visual Arts From artist’s emotions Rejected classicism

Realism Literature: ordinary people from real life Art after 1850 Dickens Flaubert Art after 1850 Everyday life Photographic quality Natural environment

Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill Based on usefulness Government should follow the greatest good for the greatest number

Communism 1848 - Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels write The Communist Manifesto Worker revolts Gov’t owns production Equal re-distribution International worker revolt

Socialism Evolved from Marxism Many varieties Government owns industry Everyone gets “equal treatment”

Utopianism Owens: factory communities Social, scientific, religious Malthus critiques limitless progress (population growth)

Liberalism “people should be free from restraint” Economic: Laissez- Faire Social: civil liberties Political: suffrage

Nationalism Commitment to country rather than king or dynasty or even class. Self-rule Unifying National identities

Nationalism

Globalism Crossing borders Communication Jobs Opportunity Standard of living ideas Communication Telephone telegraph Trade (Riccardo and “comparative advantage”)

Commercialism From colonialism and mercantilism To continue to benefit from economic progress, companies and nations must continually expand the market for their products.

Materialism Beyond necessity Increased need for trade Influenced Art (see “realism”)

Feminism Factories provide jobs Reform movements Urbanization money Independence Interaction Reform movements Medical Education suffrage Urbanization http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCyw3prIWhc

Imperialism Colonialism in 1700s evolved into imperialism of late 1800s. European powers began ¾ of the globe “imperialized”