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Early 19c Industrialization in America: The Market Revolution.

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Presentation transcript:

You have new seats! Your taking notes today, be ready

Would you rather live in the city or the country? Why? Country – Jefferson City - Hamilton

What were the results of early 19c industrialization in America? ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What were the results of early 19c industrialization in America?

Cumberland (National Road), 1811

Erie Canal System

Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

Principal Canals in 1840

Inland Freight Rates

Clipper Ships

The Railroad Revolution, 1850s Immigrant labor built the No. RRs. Slave labor built the So. RRs.

New Inventions: "Yankee Ingenuity"

Resourcefulness & Experimentation Americans were willing to try anything. They were first copiers, then innovators. 1800  41 patents were approved. 1860  4,357 “ “ “

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791 Actually invented by a slave!

Eli Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts Rifle

First prototype of the locomotive Oliver Evans First automated flour mill First prototype of the locomotive

John Deere & the Steel Plow (1837)

Cyrus McCormick & the Mechanical Reaper: 1831

Samuel F. B. Morse 1840 – Telegraph

Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable, 1858

Elias Howe & Isaac Singer 1840s Sewing Machine

The Northern Industrial "Juggernaut"

Boom/Bust Cycles: 1790-1860 The blue line shows, for comparison, the price of a year’s tuition at Harvard College. In 1790 it was $24, but by 1860 had risen to $104.

Creating a Business-Friendly Climate Supreme Court Rulings: * Fletcher v. Peck (1810) * Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819) * McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) * Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) * Charles Rivers Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1835) General Incorporation Law  passed in New York, 1848. Laissez faire  BUT, govt. did much to assist capitalism!

Distribution of Wealth During the American Revolution, 45% of all wealth in the top 10% of the population. 1845 Boston  top 4% owned over 65% of the wealth. 1860 Philadelphia  top 1% owned over 50% of the wealth. The gap between rich and poor was widening!

Polarization of Wealth in the 20c

Early Textile Mill Loom Floor

New England Dominance in Textiles

What was their typical “profile?” Lowell Girls What was their typical “profile?”

Lowell Boarding Houses What was boardinghouse life like?

The Factory Girl’s Garland February 20, 1845 issue.

I’m a Factory Girl Filled with Wishes I'm a factory girl Everyday filled with fear From breathing in the poison air Wishing for windows! I'm a factory girl Tired from the 13 hours of wok each day And we have such low pay Wishing for shorten work times! I'm a factory girl Never having enough time to eat Nor to rest my feet Wishing for more free time! I'm a factory girl Sick of all this harsh conditions Making me want to sign the petition! So do what I ask for because I am a factory girl And I'm hereby speaking for all the rest!

Irish Immigrant Girls at Lowell

American View of the Irish Immigrant

What's Happening in America by the 1850s?

Regional Specialization EAST  Industrial SOUTH  Cotton & Slavery WEST  The Nation’s “Breadbasket”

American Population Centers in 1820

American Population Centers in 1860

National Origin of Immigrants: 1820 - 1860 Why now?

“The Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner” Know- Nothing Party: “The Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner”

Changing Occupation Distributions: 1820 - 1860

The results of early 19c industrialization in America? ECONOMIC? POLITICAL? The results of early 19c industrialization in America? SOCIAL? FUTURE PROBLEMS?