Warm-Up – 3/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination? What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? What is the purpose of a loadmeter?
Questions / Comments
Warm-Up – 3/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination? What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? What is the purpose of a loadmeter?
Airframe Systems Fuel Systems Two common classifications apply to fuel systems in small aircraft: Gravity-feed Fuel-pump systems.
Warm-Up – 3/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination? What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? What is the purpose of a loadmeter?
Fuel Systems Fuel Contamination Accidents attributed to powerplant failure from fuel contamination have often been traced to: Inadequate preflight inspection by the pilot. Servicing aircraft with improperly filtered fuel from small tanks or drums.
Fuel Systems Fuel Contamination Storing aircraft with partially filled fuel tanks. Lack of proper maintenance.
Warm-Up – 3/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination? What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? What is the purpose of a loadmeter?
Aircraft Systems Hydraulic Systems A basic hydraulic system consists of a: reservoir pump (either hand, electric, or engine driven), a filter to keep the fluid clean selector valve to control the direction of flow relief valve to relieve excess pressure and an actuator.
Warm-Up – 3/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination? What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? What is the purpose of a loadmeter?
Aircraft Systems Electrical Systems A full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator. A full-scale positive deflection indicates a malfunction of the regulator.
Warm-Up – 3/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination? What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? What is the purpose of a loadmeter?
Aircraft Systems Electrical Systems The loadmeter reflects the total percentage of the load placed on the generating capacity of the electrical system by the electrical accessories and battery.
Chapter 7 – Flight Instruments FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Questions / Comments
THIS DAY IN AVIATION March 13 1910 — The first airplane flight in Switzerland is made by German Capt. P. Englehardt who takes off in a Wright “Flyer” from a frozen lake in St. Moritz.
THIS DAY IN AVIATION March 13 1917 — The Army Air Intelligence Subdivision Office is approved.
THIS DAY IN AVIATION March 13 1928 — The first Canadian woman to obtain a pilot's license, Miss Eileen M. Vollick, passes her flight test in Hamilton, Ontario on a Curtiss aircraft.
THIS DAY IN AVIATION March 13 1945 — U. S. interest in flight is so popular that courses in aviation are being taught at this point in 14,000 of America's 25,686 high schools.
THIS DAY IN AVIATION March 13 1951 — The Australian airline Qantas begins a survey flight from Rose Bay, Sydney to Valparaiso, Chile with a “Catalina” (VH-ASA).
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February / March 2017 26 27 28 1 2 3 Flight Line Friday QUIZ 4 5 6 7 8 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 26 27 Chapter 6 Flight Systems Powerplants 28 Propellers 1 Induction Carb Systems 2 Carb Icing and Heating 3 Flight Line Friday QUIZ 4 5 6 Ignition Systems 7 Oil Systems 8 Fuel Systems 9 10 HALF DAY Chap 6 Test 11 12 13 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments 14 Altimeter 15 Vertical Speed Indicator 16 Flight Instruments Airspeed Indicator 17 18 19 20 Flight Instruments Gyro Systems 21 Flight Instruments Magnetic Compass 22 Flight Instruments Review and Test 23 Chapter 8 Flight Manuals 24 Flight Manuals Review and Test 25
1st Quarter Requirements (3 days of Class Meetings – Mar 15) All students will complete the following: Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests Complete Flight Sim. Tutorials (1 – 5 x 3 + 1) Aircraft Fam. and Student Pilot Syllabus Lessons 1 – 7 (Straight & Level Flight through First Solo) Must pass written with 80% Successfully complete 3 times on small sim Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim Complete ERAU Aviation 101 6 quizzes and 2 tests Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit
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AVIATION ACES High Shooter (98) 1B 1B 007 Jon Doe Bulldog Nimbus Pilots (A – 90 & above) 1B Co-Pilots (B – 80 – 89) 007 Jon Doe Bulldog Nimbus DB n/a Cincinnati Chief Jack in the Box Goose High Shooter (98)
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Chapter 7 – Flight Instruments FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
Today’s Mission Requirements Identify in writing how to interpret and operate flight instruments. Describe the pilot’s ability to recognize errors and malfunctions with flight instruments. Describe the pitot-static system and associated instruments. Describe the vacuum system and related instruments. Describe the gyroscopic instruments and the magnetic compass. EQ: Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the student pilot learning to fly.
Flight Instruments In order to safely fly any aircraft, a pilot must understand how to interpret and operate the flight instruments.
Flight Instruments The pilot also needs to be able to recognize associated errors and malfunctions of these instruments.
Flight Instruments This chapter addresses the pitot-static system and associated instruments, the vacuum system and related instruments, gyroscopic instruments, and the magnetic compass.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments The pitot-static system is a combined system that utilizes the static air pressure, and the dynamic pressure due to the motion of the aircraft through the air.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments These combined pressures are utilized for the operation of the airspeed indicator (ASI), altimeter, and vertical speed indicator (VSI).
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines Static pressure, also known as ambient pressure, is always present whether an aircraft is moving or at rest. It is simply the barometric pressure in the local area.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines Dynamic pressure is present only when an aircraft is in motion; therefore, it can be thought of as a pressure due to motion
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The pitot tube has a small opening at the front which allows the total pressure to enter the pressure chamber. (RAM AIR)
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The total pressure is made up of dynamic pressure plus static pressure.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines Both openings in the pitot tube need to be checked prior to flight to insure that neither is blocked. This helps to keep bugs and other objects from becoming lodged in the opening of the pitot tube.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The total pressure is transmitted to the Airspeed Indicator from the pitot tube’s pressure chamber via a small tube.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The static pressure is also delivered to the opposite side of the ASI which serves to cancel out the two static pressures, thereby leaving the dynamic pressure to be indicated on the instrument.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The two remaining instruments (altimeter and VSI) utilize only the static pressure which is derived from the static port.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines The static chamber is vented through small holes to the free undisturbed air on the side(s) of the aircraft.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines An alternate static source is provided in some aircraft to provide static pressure should the primary static source become blocked. The alternate static source is normally found inside of the flight deck.
Questions / Comments
1st Quarter Requirements (3 days of Class Meetings – Mar 15) All students will complete the following: Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests Complete Flight Sim. Tutorials (1 – 5 x 3 + 1) Aircraft Fam. and Student Pilot Syllabus Lessons 1 – 7 (Straight & Level Flight through First Solo) Must pass written with 80% Successfully complete 3 times on small sim Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim Complete ERAU Aviation 101 6 quizzes and 2 tests Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit
Questions / Comments
Questions / Comments
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines When the alternate static source pressure is used, the following instrument indications are observed:
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines 1. The altimeter indicates a slightly higher altitude than actual. 2. The ASI indicates an airspeed greater than the actual airspeed. 3. The Vertical Speed Indicator shows a momentary climb and then stabilizes if the altitude is held constant.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines In an aircraft not equipped with an alternate static source, an alternate method of introducing static pressure into the system should a blockage occur is to break the glass face of the VSI.
Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines This most likely renders the VSI inoperative. The reason for choosing the VSI as the instrument to break is that it is the least important static source instrument for flight.
October / November 2015 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Altimeter 26 27 SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY 26 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments 27 Altimeter 28 Vertical Speed Indicator 29 Flight Instruments Airspeed Indicator 30 QUIZ 31 1 2 Flight Instruments Gyro Systems 3 Flight Instruments Magnetic Compass 4 Flight Instruments Review and Test 5 Chapter 8 Flight Manuals 6 Flight Manuals Review and Test 7 8 9 Chapter 9 Weight and Balance 10 11 HOLIDAY 12 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 TEST 21