Chemistry Chemistry is the study of matter (composition, structure, and properties) and the changes it undergoes. Different types of depending on what exactly they are studying or searching for.

Analytical chemistry—the identification of the Analytical chemistry—the identification of the components and composition of materials Physical chemistry—the study of the properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy transfer Biochemistry—the study of substances and processes occurring in living things

Pure chemistry—Pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake Pure chemistry—Pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake. No practical use. Applied chemistry—the research (or study) directed toward a practical goal and application

Organic chemistry—the study of most carbon- containing compounds Inorganic chemistry—the study of non-organic substances (no Carbon)

Manipulated Variable – What you change during an experiment Responding Variable – What you observe during the experiment

Scientific Law – A concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments. Doesn’t explain the relationship, just describes Scientific Theory– A well tested explanation for a broad set of observations

Derived Units (Combinations of two or more) Volume = L x W x H (cm3) Speed = Distance / time (m/s) Area = L x W (m2) Density = Mass/Vol (g/cm3)

Mass – a measure of the amount of matter in an object (doesn’t change on position) grams, kilograms, etc. Weight – a force that measures the pull of gravity on a mass (depends upon its location – Moon, Mars, etc.) Metric unit is Newtons (N)

Temperature the average kinetic energy of all atoms and molecules Kelvin is SI Unit K = C + 273 Absolute Zero - the lowest point on the scale (0K = - 273 C)

Precision - How close a series of measurements are to one another Accuracy – How close a measurement is to the actual or true value

Examples of dimensional analysis 45.3 cm to mm 13.6 g/mL to kg/L 7.5 x 10 6 cm to km

Examples of dimensional analysis 45.3 cm X 10 mm = 453 mm 1 cm 13.6 g X 1000 mL X 1 kg = 27.2 kg/L 1 mL 1 L 1000 g 7.5 x 10 6 cm x 1 m x 1 km = 75 km 100 cm 1000 m

Examples of dimensional analysis 62.3 m X 1 km = 0.0623 km 1000 m 58.2 m X 1 km X 60 sec = 3.49 km / min s 1000 m 1 min 48.23 g x 1000 mg x 1 day x 1 hr x 1 min = 0.5582 mg/s day 1 g 24 hrs 60 min 60 sec

Examples of dimensional analysis 3.4 cm 3 x 1 mL = 3.4 mL 1 cm3 24.5 dm 3 x 1000 cm3 = 2.45 x 10 4 cm 3 1 dm3