Conditional Statements

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Presentation transcript:

Conditional Statements Related Conditionals Conditional Statements

Conditional Statement A statement that can be written in if-then form. An if-then statement is of the form if p, then q (p→q). The hypothesis is the phrase following the word if (p). The conclusion is the phrase following the word then (q).

Examples Identify the hypothesis and conclusion of each conditional statement. If the Cowboys are playing, then Tony Romo is hurt. You will have to take a retest if you do not make a passing grade.

Examples Identify the hypothesis and conclusion of each conditional statement. If the Cowboys are playing, then Tony Romo is hurt. H: If the Cowboys are playing C: Tony Romo is hurt You will have to take a retest if you do not make a passing grade. H: You do not make a passing grade C: You will have to take a retest

Conditional Statements Some conditional statements are written without using the words if and then. “Rectangles have four sides.” “Bald people are awesome.”

Examples Identify the hypothesis and conclusion for each conditional statement. Then write the statement in if-then form. 18 year olds are able to vote. Tickets are issued to people that speed.

Examples Identify the hypothesis and conclusion for each conditional statement. Then write the statement in if-then form. 18 year olds are able to vote. If you are 18 years old, then you are able to vote Tickets are issued to people that speed. If you speed, then you will be issued a ticket.

Truth Values

Truth Values When the hypothesis of a conditional is not met, the truth of a conditional cannot be determined. Then the conditional statement is considered true by default. “If a triangle has four sides, then it is concave.” The hypothesis is false, since a triangle cannot have four sides, however, the statement is still true.

Related Conditionals Conditionals: p→q Converse: q→p Inverse: ~p→~q Contrapositive: ~q→~p

Related Conditionals A conditional and its contrapositive are either both true or both false. The converse and inverse are either both true or both false. Statements with the same truth values are said to be logically equivalent.