Nationalism Iconography, Propaganda and the Formula how it’s created

What is a Nation? A group with a shared identity Religion Culture Heritage Language Institutions “imagined communities” Benedict Anderson Created by elites Supported by masses Nation + State = Power and Stability Creation of the “other”

Iconography ➢ Symbols that supports the idea of the nation ➢Very powerful centripetal force ➢Flags, currency, mythology, material culture, sports

The Idea of Nationalism Relatively new - 16th century Nation building accompanies state building Removal of alternate loyalties of feudal lords and the Church Concept and process started in Europe and then became international.

“Those who speak the same language are joined to each other by a multitude of invisible bonds by nature herself, long before any human art begins; they understand each other and have the power of continuing to make themselves understood more and more clearly; they belong together and are by nature one and an inseparable whole...." Johann Gottlieb Fichte, 1806

Examples of WWI Propaganda What is the intent of these images?

Examples of WWII Propaganda Despite the time change, does the intent remain the same?

NATIONALISM FOLLOWS A FORMULA… 1. A DEFINED GEOGRPAHIC BORDER+ 2 NATIONALISM FOLLOWS A FORMULA… 1. A DEFINED GEOGRPAHIC BORDER+ 2. GAINING THE UNITY OF THE PEOPLE + 3. A REVOLUTION REPLACING THE OLD WAY+ 4. ICONOGRAPHY AND SYMBOLS+ 5. PROPAGANDA+ 6. CREATION OF VALUES/PATRIOTISM/SELF-IDENTITY+ 7. MUSIC/NATIONAL ANTHEM+ 8. AN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM THAT PROMOTES ALL OF THE AFOREMENTIONED ITEMS =

NATIONALISM THINK OF IT AS BAKING A CAKE AND NEEDING ALL THE INGREDIENTS IN ORDER TO SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETE THE BAKING.