Electric Force & Coulomb’s Law Charles Augustin de Coulomb Inverse Square Rule What is a Coulomb? FE vs. Fg Calculating the Net Electric Force on an object

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The Electric Force _________ A very important and strong fundamental force Includes the interaction of negative electrons and the positive nuclei they orbit

Charles Augustin de Coulomb 1736-1806 Developed the force relationship between electric charges in the 1780’s (now known as Coulomb’s Law). Showed that the electric force between two objects follows the inverse square law

Inverse square law Review See how videos are embedded directly into your lesson. Click the image in slideshow mode. Force (N) Separation (m)

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What is a Coulomb? A coulomb is approximately the amount of electric charge that passes through a standard 60-W light bulb in 2 s. ______ An electrostatic shock that you might receive from touching a metallic doorknob would be much less than a microcoulomb (10-6 C). A lightning bolt may transfer up to 20 C

Check Your Understanding The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two small, essentially point-like, charged objects is 5.0 x 10-5 N. Calculate the force for each of the following situations: The distance between the charges is doubled, while the size of the charges stays the same. The charge on one object is tripled, while the charge on the other is halved. k = (9.0 x 109 Nm2/C2)

Check Your Understanding What is the magnitude of the force of repulsion between two small spheres 1.0 m apart, if each has a charge of 1.0 x 10-12 C? k = (9.0 x 109 Nm2/C2)

Electric Force (FE) vs. Gravitational Force (Fg) Similarities: Both are inverse square laws that are also proportional to the product of another quantity for gravity it is the product of two masses, and for the electric force it is the product of the two charges. Distance in both cases is measured from the centres of the spheres

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Newton’s 3rd Law Newton’s Third Law – For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The electric force exerted on body A by body B is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted on B by A.

Calculating the Net Electric Force on an object The net force on a single charge is the vector sum of all independently calculated forces acting on it. Only compare two objects at a time Just like before Find the x and y components Setup your triangle Solve for the hypotenuse Include the direction

Check Your Understanding Charged spheres A and B are fixed in position (see the diagram below) and have charges +4.0 x 10-6 C and -2.5 x 10-7 C, respectively. Calculate the net force on sphere C, whose charge is +6.4 x 10-6 C. k = (9.0 x 109 Nm2/C2)

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