Next Review Session is: @ :15 Date: June, 2017- period 1 Aim # 85: What are the structures and functions of the human immune system? HW: Test Friday 6/2 (Regents MC!) RRB pages 31-44 due Friday Castle Learning (QUIZ #5) due next MONDAY Do Now: Next Review Session is: @ :15

Disease Disruption in the maintenance of homeostasis

Inheritance Pathogens Pollutants Organ malfunctions Lifestyle choices Causes of Disease Inheritance Pathogens Pollutants Organ malfunctions Lifestyle choices

Inheritance Genetic: Passed down from parents Sickle cell anemia Hemophilia

Pathogens: disease- causing organism Bacteria: bronchitis Protist: malaria Fungi: athlete’s foot

Pollutants Biological: molds, mildew, animal dander, mites Can cause asthma Chemical: lead Can cause learning disabilities, behavioral problems, seizures, coma, and even death.

Organ Malfunctions Heart attack Kidney failure

Lifestyle Choices HIV/AIDS STD’s Lung Cancer Skin Cancer

First-Line Defenses Physical and chemical barriers

Skin and membranes: block most pathogens from entering body

Sweat, tears and saliva: contain chemicals that kill or inhibit some bacteria

Mucus: entraps pathogens

Stomach acid: destroys many pathogens in food

Second-Line Defenses

Inflammatory Response Damaged cells send out chemicals Swelling, redness, warmth, and pain

Macrophages (big eaters) Giant white blood cells that ingest pathogen

Third-line Defenses The immune system Recognizes, attacks, destroys, and “remembers” pathogens

Brain Pop: Immune System ~ 3 minutes http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/immunesystem/

Antigen Any substance that can cause an immune response Ex: viruses, microorganisms

Lymphocytes White blood cells that recognize specific antigens

Types of Immunity

Active Immunity Get disease or vaccination Vaccination: dead or weakened form of the disease organism or its products Body produces its own antibodies to attack a particular antigen

Brain Pop: Vaccines ~ 4 minutes http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/vaccines/

Inborn Immunity Form of active immunity Present at birth

Passive Immunity Given from an outside source Temporary Ex: breast milk

Allergy immune response to something that is really harmless

HIV virus that causes AIDS; targets WBCs

Brain Pop: Disease, Injuries, and Conditions (AIDS) http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/aids/

Organ transplants: put on drugs to decrease the immune response so they don’t reject the new organ

Antibodies and antigens are SPECIFIC. What other molecules are specific?

What type of cell is Cell A?

What cells (A,B,C) are part of your immune system? What cell is the pathogen?