Introduction to Greek Theatre

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Greek Theatre

Watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aSRLK7SogvE

The Purpose Not simply entertainment Linked with sacred rituals and with the Athenian social/political system Plays were written for the annual spring festival of Dionysus

The Theatre Plays were performed in outdoor, arena style theatres Performances took place during daylight hours

Skene – “tent” covered structures where actors stored costumes and masks (originally temporary wood structure eventually stone) and performed quick changes out of sight. Central doors Upper platform Paraskenia – “beside the skene” wings on the side Chorus stayed in the orchestra but actors used skene to make entrances and exits Proscenion – platform in front of the skene Parodos – “passageways” actors took to enter and exit the proscenion. Ramps on the side of stage between skene and audience. Machines inside skene: Aeorema – crane for God’s entrances Periactoi – pillars that turned to change the scene Ekeclema – carts to carry in dead because murder or suicide was not performed onstage.

The Theatre (Continued) It looks like this:

The Conventions of Greek Drama Because the Greek outdoor theatre was so large, actors could not depend on facial expressions or vocal inflections to

Conventions Actors relied on large, simple physical gestures and on their ability to voice the poetry of the script. No female actors.

Conventions (Continued) Chorus of approximately15 actors who represented townspeople or other groups of people in the play.

Watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP7_XERqv-Y

The Greek Mask Actors wore stylized masks individual to each character Could easily be seen from the top rows of the audience- helpful since theatres were large

The Greek Mask Acted as a megaphone to help project the voice Helped just three actors play all the roles in a play, including the female characters since there were no female actors.

Style of Costumes Essentially the same as the Greeks’ daily wear, with some exaggeration. The actors wore robes of finely woven wool or linen in a variety of colors.

Festival of Dionysus Annual festival usually lasted 5-6 days National holiday Each day a different dramatist was featured.

The Festival Continued The dramatist would offer four plays a trilogy (or three tragedies centered around one theme) a satire or farce, that made fun of the same tragic figures and provided the needed comic relief.

The Festival Continued Comedies were sometimes given in the afternoon during the City Dionysia. Most comedies performed at the Lenaea festival where prizes were awarded for best comic writer

Aristotle Famous poet and philosopher Identified 5 Elements for Tragedy

Aristotelian Elements Tragedy must provide catharsis (an emotional purge) The hero must be someone of high social position and have a tragic flaw Ex. “hubris:” excessive pride

Elements Continued There must be a change of fortune or discovery Plays must be written in the highest form of poetry.

Elements Continued Three Unities Action (related events) Time (within 24 hrs) Place (one locale)

Violence All violence happened off stage- Greeks found it distasteful to watch

Famous Playwrights Sophocles (tragedies) Euripides (tragedies) Aristophanes (comedies) Menander (comedies)