History of Journalism Part 1.

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Presentation transcript:

History of Journalism Part 1

American Journalism - The Begining America's first newspaper, Publick Occurrences, was published in Boston in 1690. Today, just over three centuries later, we have more than 1400 dailies in this country, with the two largest (USA Today and the Wall Street Journal) claiming circulations exceeding two million readers each

American Journalism - The Begining 1721 - The New England Courant, published by Ben Franklin’s older brother James, is first to offer readers literature in addition to news

American Journalism - The Begining 1880-1900 - Photographs begin to appear in newspapers 1890s - Sensationalism, known as yellow journalism, is used to win papers more readers. It is the use of lurid features in newspaper publishing to attract readers and increase circulation 1893 - Color is used for comics and other parts of Sunday editions

American Journalism - The Begining The term yellow journalism came from a popular New York World comic called "Hogan's Alley," which featured a yellow-dressed character named the "the yellow kid." Determined to compete with Pulitzer's World in every way, rival New York Journal owner William Randolph Hearst copied Pulitzer's sensationalist style and even hired "Hogan's Alley" artist R.F. Outcault away from the World. In response, Pulitzer commissioned another cartoonist to create a second yellow kid. Soon, the sensationalist press of the 1890s became a competition between the "yellow kids," and the journalistic style was coined "yellow journalism."

American Journalism - The Begining 1833The New York Sun becomes the first people’s or penny paper, selling on the street for just one cent. 1835 - The New York Herald introduces new newspaper sections devoted to money, sports, society news, letters, and reviews and publishes extras or special editions to cover significant news 1851 - The New York Times is founded

American Journalism - The Begining 1849 - Groups of newspapers band together to support a news-gathering service that will supply foreign news by ship and telegraph; the group later becomes the Associated Press (AP)

Recap So Far Publick Occurrence – 1st paper 1880 – 1st Photos 1890 – Sesational Journalism or Yellow Journalism 1833 – NY Sun first “Penny Paper” 1835 – New York Herald – Sections 1849 – Associated Press 1851 – NY Times

American Journalism - The Beginning 1861-1865 - Hundreds of photographers, including the well-known war photographer Mathew Brady, are issued passes to cover the Civil War Reporters in the field develop the summary lead to make sure that the main point of their story gets through by telegraph Papers begin to bulletin highlights of the war action as headlines

American Journalism - The Beginning 1870-1900 - Population of the United States doubles; city population triples; number of daily newspapers quadruples  More women work at newspapers, as correspondents, editors, and writers  Telephones and typewriters change the way work is done in the newsroom   Cables linking the United States to England and parts of Asia make news gathering faster   Newspaper publishing becomes a major business in the United States

American Journalism - The Beginning 1880-1900 - Photographs begin to appear in newspapers 1890s - Sensationalism, known as yellow journalism, is used to win papers more readers 1893 - Color is used for comics and other parts of Sunday editions

American Journalism - The Beginning 1920s - Radio and movies begin to compete with newspapers and magazines for people, time and attention 1930s -  Picture magazines such as Life become extremely popular and provide greater opportunities for photojournalists.

American Journalism - The Beginning 1930s-1940s - Newsreels shown at movie houses before or after the feature film offer a new view of the news 1950s - People begin to turn to television for the news 1960-1990 - Investigative reporters uncover information about the activities of the government and other groups and offer interpretations of events and issues, such as organized crime, the Pentagon Papers, Watergate, and Iran-contra

American Journalism - The Beginning 1970s-1980s - Computers begin to change the process of producing a newspaper 1990s - Reporters are able to file stories from around the world immediately using lap-top computers and modems or via satellite