Cell Theory Timeline of Scientists & Organization
The Cell The smallest unit that can perform all life processes Means small room in Latin
Scientists and the Cell Theory
Anton van Leeuwenhoek Born: October 24, 1632 Died: August 30, 1723 He is known as the “Father of Microscopy.”
Anton van Leeuwenhoek Discoveries: - 1673: He looked at pond scum under the microscope and discovered small organisms he called animalcules or little animals (Protists) - 1676: discovered bacteria
Robert Hooke Born: July 18, 1635 Died: March 3, 1703 Known as the “English Father of Microscopy”
Robert Hooke Contributions: 1665 - He observed pieces of cork under the microscope. - His observations led him to coin the word “cell.” - “Cell”- means little rooms in Latin - He compared the small boxes to the small rooms that monks lived in.
Matthias Schleiden Born: April 5, 1804 Died: June 23, 1881 German botanist 1838 - Discovered that all plants were made of cells Contributed to the creation of the cell theory
Theodor Schwann Born: December 7, 1810 Died: January 11, 1882 German zoologist 1839 - Concluded that all animals are made of cells. Contributed to the creation of the cell theory /
Rudolph Virchow Born: October 13, 1821 Died: September 5, 1902 German pathologist He is known as the “Father of Pathology.” 1858 - Discovered that all living cells come only from other living cells.
The Cell Theory Major Contributors: Matthias Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolph Virchow
The Cell Theory (on back of your paper!) All living things are made of cells. (Schleiden & Schwann: 1838-1839) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. (Schleiden & Schwann: 1838–1839) Living cells come only from other living cells. (Virchow: 1858)
Cells are Diverse… in size, shape, & internal organization.
All cells have… Cell Membrane (acts as a barrier between the inside of the cell and the cell’s environment) Cytoplasm (fluid inside the cell) Organelles (small bodies with specific functions) Genetic Material (DNA)
Two Kinds of Cells Prokaryotes: an organism that consists of a single cell (unicellular) that does not have a nucleus. Example: bacteria Eukaryotes: an organism made up of many cells (multicellular) that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane Example: Humans Examples: plants and animals
2 Types of Prokaryotes Archaebacteria Eubacteria Worlds’ smallest cells Do not have a nucleus but have long, circular DNA No membrane bound organelles Contain ribosomes, cell membrane, & a cell wall No nucleus, but have circular DNA Have ribosomes that are different from eubacteria. Have cell walls & cell membranes different from all other organisms Live in extreme environments
Eukaryotes Largest cells Contain a nucleus DNA located within the nucleus Contains organelles Many are multicellular meaning “many cells”
Key Differences (put in Venn Diagram) Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Lack a nucleus & other organelles Have small ribosomes DNA isn’t organized into chromosomes Have a nucleus and other organelles Have large ribosomes DNA is organized into chromosomes Typically larger
Key Similarities Have ribosomes Have DNA Have cell membrane Have cytoplasm Sometimes have cell walls