PlaneWrong AGM Thursday 13th October

The Civil Aviation Authority – Our Role The CAA. UK's independent aviation regulator. CAA regulatory activities range from making sure that the aviation industry meets the highest safety, operational and technical standards, to preventing holidaymakers from being stranded abroad or losing money because of tour operator insolvency. Airspace is one of the key roles of the CAA. CAA own the Airspace Change Process under which change proposals are submitted by sponsors for approval; CAA don’t own proposals. Operate under the auspices of the Government’s Transport Act 2000, Directions to the CAA (signed by both the Secretary of State for Transport and the Secretary of State for Defence) and within Environmental Guidance issued by the DfT (last amended in February 2014). DfT provide the Policy. Airspace Change Process and the Guidance for it set out in Civil Aviation Publications 724 and 725 (currently consulting upon changes).

Revised Route 4 6 Month Review

Revised Route 4 – 6 Month Review Post Implementation Review (PIR) of Gatwick Airports Limited’s (GAL) RNAV SID replication of the existing conventional departure routes concluded that Routes 2, 4 and 5 required revision. http://www.caa.co.uk/Commercial-industry/Airspace/Airspace-change/Reviews/Changes-to-Gatwick-departures-2013/. The revised Route 4 design, using principles established by To70 for the first turn, implemented 26th May, monitored for 6 months. End of the 6 months revised design will remain operational whilst the CAA considers the data collected during monitoring.  The CAA will aim to publish its decision whether or not the modified design is acceptable as soon as possible; expected within 3-4 months. 

Revised Route 4 – 6 month Review The objective of the re-design is set out in CAA letter to GAL dated 23rd May 2016 which is available on CAA website. CAA will assess where the data shows aircraft are flying and whether they are flying where designers anticipated CAA will use radar data and the feedback received from local residents GAL are required to collect and collate data, before providing it to CAA CAA aware of A380 ‘turning tight’ due to low speed. GAL engaging with the airline

Path Termination Instrument Flight Procedures (IFP)

Path Termination - IFP How does the aircraft know what to do between waypoints? Industry has defined a set of actions which: Tells the aircraft what to fly: Track Course Heading Direct What success factor must be met to complete the action: Altitude Distance Next fix etc

Use Of Path Terminators Available Path Terminators are defined in ICAO PBN Manual - Navigation Specifications e.g. RNAV 1 A terminal Airspace RNAV 1 procedure will have associated with the chart depiction, a coding table defining the Path Terminators to be used, there order to be sequenced and any constraints (speed, altitude) It is the coding table loaded into the airborne navigation data base and then executed by the FMS that provides the functional path definition to the aircraft’s flight guidance (path steering) system

Path Terminators - IFP Path ARINC 424 industry standards define Path Terminators Not all Path Terminators are used in PBN Path Terminators may be different or not enabled in some aircraft Path F Course from a fix to Course to C Direct Track D Holding pattern H Constant radius R Constant DME arc A Initial I Heading to V Track between T Terminator A Altitude C Distance I Next leg M Manual termination R Radial termination D DME distance F Fix

Waypoint Transitions Fly-over Fly-by

Fly-by Transition Most common turn performance Computer calculates bank angle required to intercept next track based on a variety of parameters: Wind Speed Angle of Turn (α) etc Computer calculates point to initiate turn, max >20NM (Y) before WPT Avionics applies calculated Bank Angle Different aircraft will initiate turn at different points inbound the active WPT (Transition Area) Y α Transition Waypoint R Fly By Transition Area

Turn Anticipation Variable for ambient conditions (effect of wind on ground speed), altitude, angle of turn, bank angle authority, phase of flight, avionics, and aircraft

Course to Fix A 080 CF Leg Course is flown making adjustment for wind

Track to a Fix B TF Leg A

RWY 26L LAM 1X Wraparound Turn

Coding Table for RWY 26L LAM 1X – “Old” Route 4 PBN Specification Leg Transitions – All Fly-by Path Terminator Sequence

RWY 26L LAM 2X Wraparound Turn

Coding Table for RWY 26L LAM 2X – “Current” Route 4 Second path Terminator in the sequence is now a CF having on the previous leg flown-over (Fly-over) KKW02

Tracks from GAL Route 4 Blog

Thank you