Non-Linguistic Representations Classroom Instruction that works Robert J. Marzano Chapter 6

Question: What is non-linguistic representations? BRAINSTORM PLEASE Question: What is non-linguistic representations?

Knowledge stored in 2 forms: Linguistic form Statements in long-term memory Imagery form Mental pictures Physical sensations: Smell, taste, touch, sound, Kinaesthetic association

Elaborate on Knowledge Process of generating non-linguistic representations engages students in elaborative thinking Elaborating on knowledge helps students understand it in greater depth. Enhanced by asking students to explain and justify their elaborations explain

Why should we use both? The more we use both systems the better we can think about and recall knowledge. Explicitly engaging students in non-linguistic representations stimulates and increases activity in the brain.

Variety of Non-linguistic Representations Creating graphic representations Making physical models Generating mental pictures Drawing pictures and pictographs Engaging in kinaesthetic activity

How do Graphic Organizers help? WHY? Combine Linguistic mode: words phrases Use non-linguistic mode: symbols and arrows represent relationships

And now for our Kinaesthetic Activity!

Non-Linguistic Strategies 2 forms Representations Elaborate Knowledge Graphic Organizers Physical models Mental Pictures Draw Kinesthetic Activity 2 forms Elaborate Knowledge Linguistic - statements Imagery Mental pictures Physical sensations -helps recall knowledge - Stimulate both sides of the brain