HIV/AIDS

HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The virus that ends up as AIDS HIV attacks the immune system, which makes it difficult for the immune system to defend the body against infections Infections that would be harmless to a healthy person can be fatal to a person with HIV

AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Final phase of the HIV virus Classified as a STD, but can be spread in other ways sharing infected equipment for injecting drugs, tattooing, or ear piercing

HIV facts 1st cases were diagnosed in U.S. in 1981 in N.Y. & S.F. = 379 reported cases 10 years later = more than 200,000 cases End of 1995 = over 500,000 cases Many of the initial cases were in homosexual men, many people believed only homosexuals can get it = FALSE!!!!! Anyone who engages in risky behaviors can become infected with HIV

How it enters the body (pg 670) Virus must find away into the bloodstream Can spread through contact with infected blood Sharing drug needles, syringes & tattoo equipment that’s not properly maintained Sexual contact with infected person Enters through the lining of the vagina, penis, rectum or mouth during sex. Can be transmitted during pregnancy, birth &/or breast milk

Ways You Can NOT Contract HIV casual contact simple kiss donating blood bug bites

Body fluids that… Will transmit the virus: Blood Semen/Ejaculate Pre-cum Vaginal Fluids Breast Milk Will NOT transmit the virus: Saliva/Spit Urine/Pee Sweat Tears Vomit Feces/Poop Mucus/Boogers/Snot

How does it work? (pg 671) HIV targets white blood cells (T4) T4 cells are important because they coordinate the defense against infections By targeting T4 cells it destroys the immune system Once the immune system is destroyed the body become defenseless against other viruses, bacteria, fungi & cancer cells

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Phase 1: Infection With No Signs/ Symptoms Possible to live many years without any signs/symptoms Once diagnosed you are “HIV-positive” Can transmit the disease

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Phase 2: With Signs & Symptoms Immune system will begin to fail Signs/Symptoms include: Enlarged lymph nodes, Fever, Headache, Extreme tiredness, Sever weight loss, Excessive sweating at night, Persistent skin rashes/flaky skin, Short-term memory loss

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Phase 3: “AIDS” Official criteria for diagnosing AIDS: Have fewer than 200 T4 cells p/cubic millimeter of blood. (Healthy adults = 1,000 +) AND presence of an opportunistic infection(s)

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Opportunistic infections generally don’t affect healthy people in a sever manner Symptoms of opportunistic infections: Fever, Vision loss, Coughing & shortness of breath, Seizures & lack of coordination, Difficult or painful swallowing, Pneumonia & coma

HIV Testing (pg 676) HIV-antibody test: checks blood for HIV antibodies can take 6-12 weeks, at times up to 6 months for antibodies to show up on a test

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HIV/AIDS Video

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