(7th) Chapter 7-4 Cornell Notes Classifying Organisms

Chapter 7-4: Key Questions Why do biologists organize living things into groups? What do the levels of classification indicate about the relationships between organisms? What characteristics are used to classify organisms into domains and kingdoms?

Chapter 7-4 Key Terms classification- taxonomy- binomial nomenclature- genus- prokaryote- eukaryote-

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 1 classification: process grouping things based on what they have in common; easier to study ; taxonomy: science of classifying living organisms.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 2 Linnaeus: binomial nomenclature; organism given two names; Genus/species; genus: classification grouping very similar organisms; species: generally unique feature; Genus + species = unique one of a kind organism.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 3 eight levels: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species; organisms grouped by shared characteristics; more levels in common then more closely related.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 4 3 Domains: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya; based on cell type, ability to make food, number of cells.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 5 bacteria: prokaryotes; prokaryotes: cells w/out a nucleus; nucleic acids scattered in cell.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 6 Archaea: also unicellular prokaryotes like bacteria; different in structure/chemical makeup.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 7 Eukarya: eukaryotes; eukaryotes: cells w/ nucleus; has 4 kingdoms: plants, animals, protists, fungi.

Chapter 7-4 Paragraph 8 Protists: autotrophs or heterotrophs; unicellular or multicellular; most fungi multicellular eukaryotes and all are heterotrophs.

Chapter 7-3 Paragraph 9 plants are all multicellular eukaryotes; plants feed animals; all plants autotrophs (some exceptions); all animals are multicellular eukaryotes and heterotrophs.