AT THE PRACTICE LOCATIONS IN 2015 THE SITUATION OF AWARENESS, ATTITUDES OF NURSING STUDENTS OF HAI PHONG MEDICAL COLLEGE ON BLOOD AND LIQUID EXPOSURE PREVENTION AT THE PRACTICE LOCATIONS IN 2015 Vu Thi Thanh Hoa & Partners

INTRODUCTION Blood and liquid exposure in hospital is one of the factors that affects the health of medical staffs. WHO (2000): 16.000 medical staffs infected with hepatitis B, 66.000 people infected with hepatitis C, 1.000 people with HIV infected The research of Subramadi (2008) in India, the rate of sharp injuries: Nurses 39,63%, training students 37,34%, technicians 26,92%, doctors 21,01% correspondingly. The data reported by the Department of Preventive Medicine and AIDS (2002): 186 medical staffs infected with HIV exposure (Doctor: 102 people, Nurse: 84 people).

INTRODUCTION A problem which is related to the health of medical staffs and nursing students is that they are infected with blood and liquid exposure when caring patients. A reason why the students are easy to be exposed is that they have not well - awared of exposure prevention. To assess the situation of awareness and attitudes of Haiphong Medical College students and propose solutions to minimize exposure rate for students. It is the reason why we research this subject.

OBJECTIVES Survey the situation of awareness, attitudes of nursing students of Hai Phong Medical College on blood and liquid exposure prevention at the practice locations in 2015. 1 Research some of factors affecting the awareness, attitudes of nursing students of Hai Phong Medical College on prevention of blood and liquid exposure of patients at the practice locations 2 We have two OBJECTIVES for the study

RESEARCH SUBJECTS AND METHODS 1. RESEARCH SUBJECTS: 200 nursing students who are learning full- time at the college. * Selecting standard: nursing students in the 2nd, 3rd year who are practicing in hospital. * Exclusive criteria: + Students who are refused to participate in interviewing or filling in the form. 2. RESEARCH TIME AND LOCATION : 2.1. Time: 11/2014 - 11/2015 2.2. Location: Hai Phong Medical College

RESEARCH SUBJECTS AND METHODS 3. RESEARCH METHODS 3.1. Research design: cross - description 3.2. Data collection: Filled questionnaire 3.3. Data process: SPSS 19.0 software 3.4. Error control techniques 3.5. Ensuring moral in research +

RESEARCH SUBJECTS AND METHODS The research consists of 4 parts: Part I. General features Part II. The research on awareness of students based on the theory, documents on training and Infection control - Clinical Management Bureau, Ministry of health (2012) Part III. The attitude of the students on blood and liquid exposure prevention. Part IV. Influental factors .

Part II: Questionnaire on awareness of students No. Methods for prevention of blood and liquid exposure Right Wrong 1 Wash hands before and after contacting with each patient. 2 Do not wash the hands after removing gloves 3  Wearing gloves when having risks of exposure 4 Using the means of personal protection 5 Perform a preliminary sterilizing for instruments after treatment 6 Do not let the sharp objects to linen. Dirty linen should be collected and shipped in a separate bag These are some questionnaires on awareness of students, including…

Part II: Questionnaire on awareness of students No. Main causes of blood and liquid exposure Right Wrong 1 Sharp objects into the skin. 2 Blood and liquid from patient exposing the mucosa of eyes, nose and mouth when carrying out procedures 3 The damaged, chapped, abraded skin exposed with blood, liquid of patient.

Part II: Questionnaire on awareness of students No. Treatment of exposure with damaged skin Right Wrong 1 Immediately washing the infected skin with soap and water. 2 Let the blood in the wound flow, for a moment 3 Squeez blood in the wound. 4 Wash the wound with soap and water 5 Use antiseptic solution to cleanes and dress the wound.

Part II: Questionnaire on awareness of students No. Treatment processes after blood, liquid expose to eyes Right Wrong 1 Wash lightly but carefully under running water or sterile saline 0.9% for at least 2 minutes while opening the eyes, slightly upside down the eyelids. 2 Do not rub the eyes

Diagram 1. Research objects according to gender RESULT AND DISCUSS 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS   Diagram 1. Research objects according to gender The result show that: 89% for female and 11% for male. This result is different from the one in HP Medical University

RESULT AND DISCUSS 2. AWARENESS OF STUDENTS ON BLOOD, LIQUID EXPOSURE Diagram 2. Awareness of students on the concept of blood and liquid exposure of patient 20% student have true awareness 80% student have false awareness

RESULT AND DISCUSS Diagram 3. Awareness of students on the causes of blood and liquid exposure

RESULT AND DISCUSS Diagram 4. Awareness of students on the prevention of blood and liquid exposure of patients

RESULT AND DISCUSS Diagram 5. Awareness of students on the treatment process of blood, liquid due to the needles or sharp objects The research of Ha Noi Nursing Association (2011): Medical staffs exposed 54.6% The research of Subramadi (2008) in India: Students exposed 37.34%

RESULT AND DISCUSS Table 1 RESULT AND DISCUSS Table 1. Awareness of nursing students on the treatment process after the blood, liquid exposure to the damaged skin STT Research result Research content Right Wrong n % 1 Immediately wash the affected skin with soap and water, running water 200 100 2 Tape the wound 72 36 128 64 3 Do not use skin disinfectant 76 25 124 75 4 Do not brush or scrap the damaged skin 157 78.5 43 21.5 64% student have false awareness for the wound 75% student have false awareness for using skin disinfectant.

RESULT AND DISCUSS Diagram 6: Awareness of students on treatment processes after blood and liquid exposure on the skin. Research of Nguyen Khac Hai (2006): Medical staffs exposed 12.6% f

RESULT AND DISCUSS Table 2 RESULT AND DISCUSS Table 2. Awareness of nursing students on the treatment process after blood, liquid exposure to eyes Index Research result Research content Right Wrong n % 1 Wash lightly but carefully under running water or sterile saline 0.9% for at least 2 minutes while opening the eyes, slightly upside down the eyelids. 194 97 6 3 2 Do not rub the eyes 200 100

RESULT AND DISCUSS Diagram 7. Awareness of students on treatment process of exposure when mouth, nose contact with blood, liquid of patients Research of Duong Khanh Van (2005): Medical staffs exposed 35.1%

RESULT AND DISCUSS 3. The attitude of the students about the prevention of exposure Diagram 8. Positive levels of students when studying the subject: Infectious control

RESULT AND DISCUSS Diagram 9. Assessment of the labor protection using levels of students when implementing the task with exposure risk

RESULT AND DISCUSS 4. Several factors affecting the awareness of students Table 3. Several affecting factors Research result Research content Good influence Not good influence No influence n % Learning motivation 179 89.5 5 2.5 16 8 Teaching method 191 95.5 4 2 Facilities, equipment, tools for learning 174 87 10 Practice environment at hospital 161 80.5 33 16.5 6 3 Other factors 101 50.5 24 12 75 37.5

CONCLUSION 1. The situation of awareness, attitudes of nursing students of Hai Phong Medical College on blood and liquid exposure of patients Students with right awareness: Concept 80%, causes 64%, method to prevent exposure 96%. Students with wrong awareness on the treatment process: exposure to needles or sharp objects : 36%; blood, liquid exposure to damaged skin: 40%; to the undamaged skin : 24%; to the mouth, nose: 34%. 29% students do not use labor protection regularly and 4% students do not use it.

CONCLUSION 2. Several factors influent to the awareness and attitudes of nursing students 80,6% nursing students reply that the objective factors such as: Learning motivation, teaching methods, facilities, equipment, tools for learning and practice environment at hospital… have good effectiveness to students’ awareness and attitudes.

RECOMMENDATION Student Increase the awareness, change the learning method: positive, active The strict attitude with labor protection to reduce and avoid the exposure risk Lecturer Cooperate well between lecturers in the hospital and lecturers at the college.

Thank you for your attention!