Female Reproductive System Chapter 17

Combining Forms for the Female Reproductive System cervic/o neck/cervix cervical colp/o vagina colposcope vagin/o (sheath) vaginal episi/o vulva episiotomy vulv/o (covering) vulvar gynec/o woman gynecology

Combining Forms for the Female Reproductive System hyster/o uterus hysteroscopy metr/o metrorrhagia uter/o uterus mast/o breast mastodynia mamm/o mammogram men/o menstruation menopause

Combining Forms for the Female Reproductive System obstetr/o midwife obstetric oophor/o ovary oophoritis ovari/o ovarian ov/i egg ovigenesis ov/o ovum

Combining Forms for the Female Reproductive System salping/o uterine salpingitis (fallopian) tube -arche beginning menarche

Female Reproductive System Functions Function of the female reproductive system is to produce and maintain ova Provide a place for implantation and nurturing a fertilized ovum until birth. Produces sex hormones

Uterus

Uterus Womb — pear-shaped organ in the pelvic cavity in which the embryo develops fundus upper portion of the uterus endometrium lining of the uterus sheds approximately every 28–30 days in the nonpregnant woman

Uterus (continued) myometrium uterine or fallopian tubes cervix muscular wall of the uterus uterine or fallopian tubes tubes extending from each side of the uterus towards the ovary that provide passage to the uterus cervix neck of the uterus cervix os opening of the cervix to the uterus

Gynecological symptoms & diagnosis Dysmenorrhea Dyspareunia Leukorrhea Menorrhagia Metrorrhagia Oligomenorrhea Oligo-ovulation Endometriosis Fibroid Fistula Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Carcinoma in situ of the cervix (CIS) Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Cystocele, Rectocele, enterocele Salpingitis

Fibroids

Ovary One of two glands located on each side of the pelvic cavity Produces ova and female sex hormones

Menstrual Cycle Begins and continues in a 28-30 day cycle through the reproductive period, except during pregnancy, until menopause. I –menstrual stage (days 1-5) shedding of the endometrial lining. II –follicular stage (days 6-13) secretion of FSH, initiating growth of the ovum, releasing estrogen, revitalizing the endometrium III –ovulatory stage (days 14-16) secretion of luteinizing hormone causing the release of the ovum into the uterine tube and secretes progesterone and estrogen to further nourish the endometrium IV –premenstrual cycle (days 17-28) hormones stop secreting if conception does not occur; thinning of the endometrial lining, tissue breaks down causing menstruation.

Biopsy

Gynecological Tests & Procedures Needle bx Stereotactic breast bx Sentinel node breast bx Colposcopy Hysteroscopy Papanicolaou smear

Hysteroscopy

Gynecological Operative Terms Adhesiolysis (LOA) Dilation and curettage (D&C) Hysterectomy Abdominal Vaginal Total Laparoscopy Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) Bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy

Breast Lumpectomy mammary glands Mastectomy mammary papilla Simple Radical Modified Radical mammary glands two glands of the female breast capable of producing milk mammary papilla nipple areola — dark pigmented area around the nipple

Types of Mastectomies

Gynecological Terms Gravida – pregnant Null – 0 pregnancies Primi – first pregnancy Para – to bear Null – 0 children Primi – 1 delivery Multi – two or more births *****AB - abortion G followed by a number = number of pregnancies P followed by a number = number of births G2, P1, AB1

Fetus in Utero

Rh Immune Globulin Immunizing agent (RhoGAM) given to Rh negative mothers who have Rh positive baby to suppress the Rh immune response within 72 hours of birth.

Ectopic Pregnancy This project was funded at $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.