Biology in the 21st Century SECTION 1.4 BIOLOGISTS’ TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY Power Notes Biology in the 21st Century CHAPTER 1 Tool or Technology Details Light microscope (LM) 1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 2. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) 3. X-ray imaging 4. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 5. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 6. Computer modeling 7. Molecular genetics 8. Copyright © McDougal Littell/Houghton Mifflin Company. Unit 1 Resource Book McDougal Littell Biology Power Notes 15

KEY CONCEPT Technology continually changes the way biologists work.

Imaging technologies provide new views of life. A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object. Compound light microscopes (LM) magnifies up to 1,500x stoma Uses light and two lenses, LIVING SPECIMEN

Imaging technologies provide new views of life. A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object. light microscopes (LM) scanning electron microscopes (SEM) scans surface with electrons, occurs in a vacuum, non-living specimen Magnifies up to 500,000x stoma

Imaging technologies provide new views of life. A microscope provides an enlarged image of an object. light microscopes (LM) scanning electron microscopes (SEM) transmission electron microscopes (TEM) Beam of electrons are transmitted through the dead specimen, Can see viruses, atoms and Nanoparticles! - Magnifies millions of times! stoma

Imaging technology is used in medicine. X-ray images use x-rays (electromagnetic wave of high energy) to show dense materials, bones and teeth - Does NOT show soft tissue

Imaging technology is used in medicine. X-ray images magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Uses a strong magnetic field and a computer to show detailed images of organs and tissues

Imaging technology is used in medicine. X-ray images magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functional MRI (fMRI) Uses a magnetic field To measure activity in The brain

Complex systems are modeled on computers. Computer models are used to study systems that cannot be studied directly. heart attacks Normal heartbeat effect of medicines on the human body movement of water molecules into and out of a cell spread of a disease through a population Heart attack Computer models are used when experiments are not safe, ethical, or practical.

The tools of molecular genetics give rise to new biological studies. A gene is a segment of DNA that stores genetic information. Study and manipulation of DNA to gain information

Through our understanding of DNA, we can study genetics on a molecular level. molecular genetics genomics

Types of Microscopes used in Biology/The Tube that changed the World https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NSYIpU49i4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ue-86MDmjns