Preparations for WRC-12 WRC -12 AGENDA ITEM 1.3 ON UAS EUR RPS for WRC-12 preparation Preparations for WRC-12 WRC -12 AGENDA ITEM 1.3 ON UAS Presented by John Taylor Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

UAS Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) consists of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) and associated Control Stations. Unmanned aircraft are powered, aerial vehicles that do not carry a human pilot, use aerodynamic forces to provide vehicle lift, and may fly autonomously or be piloted remotely Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

UAS APPLICATIONS Two groups of UAS applications, anticipated fields of operation examples for each mission type Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

AIRSPACE ISSUES UAS operations have been limited to segregated (restricted airspace) Advancements in design and technology Expanding deployment in a variety of roles More favorable in repetitive, routine, long duration operations Requirement for safe integration into non-segregated (non-restricted) airspace Integration into the Air Traffic Control system Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

Communication links Integration into Air Traffic Control system and national airspace Operation in civil airspace with other air traffic Operation must be transparent to all other users as if UAS were a manned aircraft Requirement for communication links with UAS Three main types of communication links Command and Control link Relay of Air Traffic Control communications Relay of Sense and Avoid communications Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

Communication Links Seamless integration of UAS in civil airspace Requirement for maintaining safety of flight Requirement for short range line of sight communications Requirement for beyond line of sight communications The two types of communication requirements have a profound effect on the amount spectrum needed Hence WRC-07 placed and agenda item on the next WRC-12 to identify spectrum for UAS Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-Agenda Item 1.3 to consider spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, in order to support the safe operation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), based on the results of ITU‑R studies, in accordance with Resolution 421 (WRC‑07 Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Resolution 421 Invites ITU-R to conduct in time for WRC‑12 the necessary studies leading to technical, regulatory and operational recommendations to the Conference, enabling that Conference to decide on appropriate allocations for the operation of UAS that the studies referred to in invites ITU‑R 1 should include sharing and compatibility studies with services already having allocations in those bands to produce a report or a recommendation, as appropriate, on how to accommodate the radiocommunication requirements for UAS payloads Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, for safe operation of UAS ISSUES What are the technical characteristics What are the protection requirements How much spectrum will be required Identification of current allocations that can accommodate UAS Identification of additional frequency allocations if required Ensuring compatibility with existing radiocommunication services What possible regulatory actions will be required by the Conference Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

Work being undertaken in WP 5B WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, for safe operation of UAS Work being undertaken in WP 5B Spectrum requirement identified 34 MHz terrestrial 56 MHz Satellite (including feeder links) ITU-R M.2171 (Doc. 5B/296 Annex 16) Framework towards DN Report ITU-R M.[UAS-BANDS] (Doc.5B/296 Annex 14) Draft CPM text (Doc. 5B/296 Annex 19) Work plan (Doc. 5B/296 Annex 18) Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, for safe operation of UAS Communications Scenario for line of sight ATC UA Control Station Uplink : CS to UA 1. CS to UA Downlink : UA to CS 2. UA to CS Spectrum requirement LOS = 1+2 = 34 MHz 1 2 Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, for safe operation of UAS Communication Scenario for beyond line of sight ATC UAV CS 1 4 3 2 Satellite Spectrum requirement PILOT/SAT (UL+DL) = + = 28 MHz SAT/UA (UL+DL) = TOTAL BLOS = 2 x 28Hz = 56MHz Forward link : 1. Uplink : CS to satellite 2. Downlink : satellite to UA Return link 3. Uplink : UA to satellite 4. Downlink : satellite to CS Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

1 545–1 555 (space-to-Earth) and 1646.5–1656.5 MHz (Earth-to-space) WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Spectrum requirements and possible regulatory actions, including allocations, for safe operation of UAS Candidate frequency bands 960 –1 164 MHz 1 545–1 555 (space-to-Earth) and 1646.5–1656.5 MHz (Earth-to-space) 1610-1626.5 MHz (space-to-Earth and Earth-to-space) 5 000–5 150 MHz and 15.4-15.7 GHz Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

Co-site compatibility Inter-site compatibility WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Frequency Band Analysis 960 –1 164 MHz In-band systems Co-site compatibility Inter-site compatibility Existing adjacent band systems Potential future in-band systems Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Frequency Band Analysis 1 545-1 555 MHz (space-to-Earth), 1 610-1 626.5 MHz (space-to-Earth and Earth-to-space), and 1 646.5-1 656.5 MHz (Earth-to-space) AMS(R)S allocation in portions of these bands Could be used for UAS communications links These bands also under study in WRC Agenda Item 1.7 UAS communications would need to be specified and standardized for use over satellite links RAS must be protected Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 Frequency Band Analysis 5 000-5 150 MHz Suitable for UAS links AMS(R)S and AMRS allocations Need to protect MLS and RNSS Potential sub-band usage Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 CURRENT STATUS OF WORK ITU-R ITU-R M.2171, M.2204, M.2205 Draft new Reports ITU-R M.[UAS-Bands New Alloc] and ITU-R M.[UAS PERF and REQ] CPM-11 text has been published Paris 17-18 Mar 2011

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 ICAO POSITION ON 1.3 To support, based on the results of studies identified in Resolution 421, any modification to existing allocations, or new allocations required to accommodate UAS operations in non-segregated airspace while maintaining the safety and regularity of flight of all types of aircraft. Accordingly, to ensure that allocations used, in particular, for UAS command and control, ATC relay and sense and avoid in non-segregated airspace are in the AM(R)S, AMS(R)S and/or ARNS and do not adversely affect existing aeronautical systems To oppose the use of this agenda item to seek new spectrum allocations to meet payload requirements. Paris 17-18 Mar 2011 18

WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.3 UAS END Paris 17-18 Mar 2011 19