NONRENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES

What do you think nonrenewable resources are? HMMMM.... What do you think nonrenewable resources are? Break it down... Nonrenewable? Resource?

NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES A nonrenewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption.

NUCLEAR ENERGY Formation: It is energy is stored in the nucleus (center) of an atom, and energy is in the bonds that hold the nucleus together. Splitting these bonds releases energy (fission)

Fission: Splitting these bonds releases energy U = Uranium Kr = Krypton Ba = Barium

Nuclear energy is a nonrenewable resource because once the uranium is used, it is gone!

Characteristics of Nuclear Energy Most widely used fuel from nuclear fission in Uranium (metal found in rocks) 1 pellet of uranium (Size of fingertip) = 150 gallons of oil Produces dangerous radioactive waste Does not pollute air

What is Nuclear Energy Used for? We use the heat from fission to produce electricity Nuclear Energy is also used to create bombs

COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replenished in a short period of time. These are called fossil fuels.

HOW IS COAL MADE ???

HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ???

WHAT WAS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COAL AND OIL/GAS?

Oil - Formation AKA: Petroleum “oil from the Earth” Oil is formed from the buried remains of microscopic marine (water) organisms and decayed plants

Oil - Characteristics Thick black liquid Most commonly used energy resource (39.4%) Found in underground reservoirs

What is Oil Used for? Diesel fuel Jet fuel Gasoline Propane (mix of natural gas and oil) Ink Crayons CD’s and DVD’s Dishwashing liquids Deodorant Tires

Natural Gas

Natural Gas Formation Formed from buried remains of microscopic marine organisms and decayed plants. Gas escapes from small gaps.

Natural Gas – Characteristics In a Gas form Mostly methane (Which is a strong greenhouse gas) 2nd most commonly used resources (23.6%)

What is Natural Gas used for? Propane Gas Cooking/grilling Paint Fertilizer Explosives Used to heat ½ homes in U.S. Production of: Steel Glass Paper Clothing Electricity

Coal

How is Coal Formed Dead plants in a swampy area are covered by more plants, H₂O, and sediments. Lack of Oxygen (O₂) causes plants to break down (AKA: Peat). Coal forms after millions of years.

Characteristics of Coal Black or brownish sedimentary rock Most abundant fossil fuel in U.S. Compact Brittle Provides heat energy when burned Can pollute environment Extracted by mining Strip mining: Dug up from surface of Earth Open-pit mining: Tunnels are dug on side of hill or mountain

Open Pit and Strip Mining

What is Coal Used for? 93% used to generate electricity Steel

HMMMM.... If nonrenewable resources are resources that cannot be re-made at a scale comparable to its consumption, what are renewable resources?

RENEWABLE RESOURCES Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time. ● Solar ● Geothermal ● Wind ● Biomass ● Water

SOLAR Formation: Energy from the Sun is captured using solar cells/solar panels

Solar Energy Advantages  Can be converted into Thermal (heat) energy  Can be converted into electricity  No pollution  When solar panels are on buildings there’s little impact on the environment

Solar Energy Disadvantages  Amount of sunlight is not constant (depends on: location, time of day/year, and weather)  Requires a large surface for solar panels

GEOTHERMAL Break it Down: geo (Earth) thermal (heat) Formation: Energy from within the Earth in the form of steam or hot water

Geothermal Advantages  Heat is constantly produced inside the Earth and found everywhere  Little to no pollution

Geothermal Disadvantages Digging can destroy habitats  Takes a lot of energy to dig wells (1-2 miles deep)

Energy from moving air caused by uneven heating of Earth’s surface WIND Formation: Energy from moving air caused by uneven heating of Earth’s surface

Why does the Wind Blow? Due to the uneven heating of the Earth's surface the cold air pushes the warm up creating the wind

Wind Advantages  No pollution  Wind is free  Little harm to environment

Wind Disadvantages  Requires very strong winds  Requires a large area for several windmills  Wind farm  Modern wind turbines are not pretty

BIOMASS Formation: Energy from burning organic Material such as:

Biomass 1) Wood/plants stored solar energy  can pollute when burned  destroys habitats  can replaces trees and plants

Biomass 2) Alcohol During distillation, biomass fuel, such as corn, is turned into an alcohol (ethanol)  We put more energy into making it than the energy we get out of it  Local use of energy

3) Garbage Burning garbage produces heat Biomass 3) Garbage Burning garbage produces heat  Cheap  produces toxic ash/air pollution

WATER or HYDROELECTRIC Formation: Energy from moving H2O turn turbines at the end of dams that then turns generators to make elect. In U.S Break it down: Hydro (Water) Electric (Electricity)

Hydroelectric Advantages  Cheap  No pollution

Hydroelectric Disadvantages Up stream lakes fill with sediment and downstream erosion increases Can cause floods  Can cause damage to habitats

Examples of Hydroelectric Energy Hoover Dam tidal fences/turbines wave power underwater wave energy

What are the differences between nonrenewable and renewable resources? SUMMARY What are the differences between nonrenewable and renewable resources?