Space Space, By : Jake Feb. 7

Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………pg 2 Chapter 1………..Galaxies and the Universe………………....pg 3 Chapter 2…………Planets………………………………………pg 6 Chapter 3…………Stars and Black Holes………………….......pg 9 Conclusion………………………………………………………...pg 11 Glossary…………………………………………………………....pg 13 Resources…………………………………………………………..pg 14

1 Introduction Have you ever wondered how a black hole is formed ? What is the Moon really ? What is 1 theory of how space is formed ? Have you ever pondered these questions ? Read on to find out tons more answers to all of your space questions! the moon The sun

Ch 1 : Galaxies & the Universe 2 Ch 1 : Galaxies & the Universe Universe A universe The Universe is basically a fancy word for space. The Universe is all of space. That includes distant galaxies, including the Milky Way! Scientists who study the Universe are called cosmologists*. These cosmologists have a theory, or an idea , that space is expanding. This is because of ANOTHER theory, that space started by a massive explosion, called the Big Bang. We think the Big Bang is still moving at tremendous speeds, but cosmologists think space *(cos-mo-ol-o-gist)

Will turn back eventually Will turn back eventually. The Universe might be very complicated, but is also very exiting to learn about. The element space is made out of is called dark matter. 3 Fun fact: No one really knows how big space is. A couple of galaxies Galaxies Now lets talk about galaxies. Galaxies are what holds billions of stars. Our galaxy is called The Milky Way. The Milky Way holds our solar system. We are one solar system

4 Fun fact: There is a candy bar called Milky Way! Out of a billion! Scientists sent out a small rocket to go out of our solar system to go to another galaxy and see if there were any more life forms. The rocket just got out of our solar system, and will run out of fuel in 2016. Imagine floating through an endless, pitch black world with nothing to live off of. Two small rockets.

Ch.2: Planets Moon The moon 5 Moon The moon The moon is really just a giant asteroid. Asteroids are particles of rock floating around in space. Sometimes, these asteroids hit the moon’s atmosphere*, or floor, making a crater, or a dent, on the moon. Have you ever seen the moon change? These are called moon phases. There are 8 moon phases; new moon, waxing crescent, first (at-mos-fere)

6 Quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, and, waning crescent. Do you know how Mercury is right next to the Sun? Well, it may be blazing hot in the day, but it is deadly cold at night. We think that Mercury might just be another large asteroid. We can’t get close enough to see, though. Mercury has craters made by asteroids, too! Wow, The moon Mercury Mercury

7 and Mercury sure do have a lot in common! Now you all know what the Earth is. Earth is the third planet from the sun. Also, the Earth is where we live. The odd thing about Earth is that we are the only life forms we know. Earth is kind of like the moon & mercury. Meteors, or pieces of burning rock flying across Earths atmosphere, never hits the ground. Earth The earth

Meteorites , on the other hand, are burning pieces of rock that hit Earths floor. When the meteorite hits the ground, it makes a crater, just like the moon and mercury! Black holes Do you know how a black hole is formed? Probably not. A black hole is formed when a super nova, or a dead star explodes. When a black hole starts, it sucks in everything. Stars, galaxies, you name it. Black holes can even suck in light! If you get sucked into a black hole, there is no way to escape. Scary, huh? 8 Ch.3 Stars & Black Holes A black hole

Stars 9 Did you know that stars aren’t just huge balls of fire? Stars are also made of gas. Our star is called the sun. Our sun is in the middle of 8 other planets. These planets circle the sun. earth is the 4th planet from the sun. The sun is the main source of naturally- made heat. Cool, huh? A star

Conclusion 10 After reading this Book, I hope you know a lot about space now! These aren’t ALL of the space facts in the world, but here’s a couple of them. Do you know how black holes are formed now? What is our galaxy called? If you don’t know the answers to all of these questions, THEN READ THIS BOOK AGAIN!!!!!! Or, you could look it up on the computer. The moon reflecting onto the water

Glossary Asteroid……… Particles of rock floating in space 11 Asteroid……… Particles of rock floating in space Atmosphere…….. Ground Crater……… A dent in the ground Dark matter…….. The element space is made out of Galaxy…….. A giant group of stars Milky way………. Earth’s galaxy Meteor………. A burning piece of rock that never hits the ground

12 Glossary (Continued) Meteorite………. A burning piece of rock that does hit the ground Moon phase…….. When the moon appears to have changed it’s appearance Sun………Our solar system’s star Super nova……..A dead star that explodes

13 Resources Moche, Dinah, and Tom LaPadula. The Golden Book of Space Exploration. Washington: Grumman Co., 1990 6 Jan. 2013 “http://worldbookonline.com/kids/article?id=ar832047&st=universe.” 16 Jan. 2013 “http://worldbookonline.com/kids/article?id=ar831350&st=space.” 15 Jan. 2013