Volume 165, Issue 4, Pages (April 2001)

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Volume 165, Issue 4, Pages 1310-1315 (April 2001) VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RESTORES CORPOREAL SMOOTH MUSCLE FUNCTION IN VITRO ROBERT R. BYRNE, GERARD D. HENRY, DINESH S. RAO, T.T.T. HUYNH, ANNE M. PIPPEN, BRIAN H. ANNEX, PER OTTO HAGEN, CRAIG F. DONATUCCI The Journal of Urology Volume 165, Issue 4, Pages 1310-1315 (April 2001) DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)69890-2 Copyright © 2001 American Urological Association, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Isometric tension studies after intracavernous VEGF therapy. A, endothelium dependent smooth muscle relaxation was not affected by VEGF treatment. Black diamonds represent cholesterol fed, VEGF treated animals. Black squares represent cholesterol fed, vehicle treated animals. Open diamonds represent normal diet, VEGF treated animals. Open squares represent normal diet, vehicle treated animals. NE, norepinephrine. ACH, acetylcholine. B, nitric oxide mediated, direct smooth muscle relaxation was improved in cholesterol fed, VEGF treated rabbits at ED75 (p = 0.046) and at maximal relaxation (p = 0.015). SNP, sodium nitroprusside. The Journal of Urology 2001 165, 1310-1315DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5347(01)69890-2) Copyright © 2001 American Urological Association, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Isometric tension studies after intravenous VEGF therapy. A, endothelium dependent smooth muscle relaxation was potentiated by VEGF treatment at ED50 (p = 0.004) and at maximal relaxation (p = 0.014). Black diamonds represent cholesterol fed, VEGF treated animals. Black squares represent cholesterol fed, vehicle treated animals. Open diamonds represent normal diet, VEGF treated animals. Open squares represent normal diet, intracavernous vehicle treated animals. NE, XXX. ACH, acetylcholine. B, nitric oxide mediated, direct smooth muscle relaxation was improved in cholesterol fed, VEGF treated rabbits at ED50 (p = 0.001) and at maximal relaxation (p = 0.018). SNP, sodium nitroprusside. The Journal of Urology 2001 165, 1310-1315DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5347(01)69890-2) Copyright © 2001 American Urological Association, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Endothelial cell content in various treatment groups, as measured by CD-31 immunostaining. Asterisk represents satistically significant difference in 2 treatment group on normal diet. Pound sign represents statistically significant difference in 2 treatment groups fed cholesterol. IC, intracavernous. IV, intravenous. The Journal of Urology 2001 165, 1310-1315DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5347(01)69890-2) Copyright © 2001 American Urological Association, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Smooth muscle content in various treatment groups, as measured by actin immunostaining. Asterisk represents statistically significant difference in 2 treatment groups. IC, intracavernous. IV, intravenous. The Journal of Urology 2001 165, 1310-1315DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5347(01)69890-2) Copyright © 2001 American Urological Association, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 VEGF immuno-expression. A, normal diet, intracavernous vehicle treated rabbits. B, normal diet, intracavernous VEGF treated rabbits. C, cholesterol diet, intracavernous vehicle treated rabbits. D, cholesterol diet, intracavernous VEGF treated rabbits. The Journal of Urology 2001 165, 1310-1315DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5347(01)69890-2) Copyright © 2001 American Urological Association, Inc. Terms and Conditions