Classifying Matter

Matter Can be divided into Pure Substances & Mixtures

Substances Either an Element or a Compound CANNOT be broken down into simpler components and still maintain the properties it had originally

Element A substance in which all atoms are alike Represent with Chemical Symbol All known elements found on Periodic Table

Uses of Some Elements Aluminum- can be used as a blanket because it reflects radiation (a form of heat) Americium- used in smoke detectors- radioactive Tungsten- very high melting point- used in lightbulb filaments Titanium- very lightweight and strong metal- used in frames for airplanes and in engines Lead- high density- makes it a good barrier for radiation- blocks particle movement

2. Compounds Substance in which the atoms of two or more different elements are combined in fixed proportions (represent by chemical formula) Elements bond to form compounds Cannot be separated by physical means

Classifying Matter: Element or Compound? Element - Atom S8 ? Element- Molecule H2O ? Compound Cl2 ? H2O2 ?

Mixture Made up of two or more substances- can be separated by physical means Not a fixed amount of components

Heterogeneous Made of materials that can be distinguished from each other Not uniform in composition

Homogenous Contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substance blended evenly throughout Looks same throughout

Solution Homogeneous mixtures containing particles so small they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of the container (Dissolves) tap water, salt water, food coloring and water, colas, vinegar

Mixture - Solution Pure Substance - Compound

Colloid Heterogenous Mixture with large particles that never settle fog, smoke, ink, glue, milk, cream, butter

Colloid vs. Solution Pass a beam of light through the mixture If the beam is invisible- it is a solution If the beam is visible- it is a colloid The visible beam through the colloid is called the Tyndall effect

Tyndall Effect

Tyndall Effect

Suspension Heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle out over time like dirty water

How can you tell the difference between Mixture and Compound? Mixture can be separated physically and keep its properties Compound can only be separated chemically and does NOT keep its properties

How can you tell the difference between Mixture and Compound?