The Accessory organs: Pancreas and liver Pages

General Idea: Organs that add digestive enzymes Empty at the Duodenum Hepatopancreatic ampulla Series of ducts Pancreas  digestive enzymes via pancreatic duct Liver  Bile via the hepatic & common bile duct Gall Bladder  Concentrated Bile via the cystic & common bile duct

The Pancreas General Characteristics Pancreatic Juice Both Endocrine & Digestive Gland Acinar Cells – digestive function Produce pancreatic juice Pancreatic duct  hepatopancreatic ampulla  duodenum Pancreatic Juice Pancreatic amylase  Carbohydrates Pancreatic lipase  fats Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Carboxypeptidase  Proteins

Nucleases – nucleotides Bicarbonate ions – buffer to neutralize acidic chyme Regulation Parasympathetic impulses Secretin (hormone) Cholecystokinin (hormone)

Liver General Characteristics Many Different Functions BIG! Right Side of Abdominal Cavity Reddish Brown  Ferritin (Iron) Hepatic Lobules Hepatic Sinusoids, Hepatic Portal Vein Kupfer Cells Many Different Functions Metabolic Storage Destroy/remove damaged RBC’s Detoxification Blood Resevoir

Liver and Gall Bladder Only Digestive Function: Produce Bile Emulsification of Fats – smaller droplets Water, Bile Salts*, Bile Pigments (bilirubin & biliverdin), cholesterol, electrolytes Hepatic Lobules  Bile Canaliculi  Common Hepatic Duct  Common Bile Duct  Hepatopancreatic Ampulla  Duodenum Better Absorption of fatty acids, cholesterol & Vitamins Gall Bladder: Store and concentrate the bile Cystic Duct  Common Bile Duct  Hepatopancreatic Ampulla  Duodenum Stimulated by Cholecystokinin Gall Stones, Cholecystectomy