Implementation of Rice Hulls launched on 2014MY F150 Replace talc 45,000 pounds of hulls used in the first year. PP compound reinforced with rice hulls is being used to replace talc reinforced PP in an electrical support bracket in the Ford F-150.

Implementation of Cellulose Fiber on Lincoln MKX 1 Origin Cellulose is extracted from sustainably grown and harvested trees and related forestry byproducts, such as chips 2 Structure Cellulose fiber, found in plants and trees, is one of the most common organic compounds in the world. Its fiber provides excellent reinforcement for plastic composites Semi-structural armrest substrate; REPLACE GLASS FIBER with a natural fiber Now, holistically looking at possible reinforcements 4 Implementation The first use of cellulose fiber for a structural component 3 Performance Ford has validated cellulose reinforced plastics – supplied by forest products leader Weyerhaeuser – for performance, durability, and thermal resistance for interior components

Natural Fibers Life Cycle Assessment Raw Material Production “Cradle-to-Grave” “Cradle-to-Gate” -Often metrics from different portions of the life cycle are used to understand sustainability -From a raw material perspective—natural fibers are derived from renewable energy (+) -From a cradle-to-gate perspective (i.e. all processes needed to produce and assemble the vehicle)—kenaf travels huge distances (from Bangladesh) (-) -Complete life cycle perspective (cradle to grave)—considers these factors as well as the impact on vehicle performance (i.e. lightweighting) -To truly understand the implication of natural fiber composites and to avoid “unexpected consequences” we need to consider the impact on the whole vehicle system over time Fiber & Resin Production Part Manufacturing Sourcing Transportation Use Phase End of Life Life Cycle Stages

2013 Fusion Grille Shutter Housing LCA of Natural Fibers Composites Global Warming Impact of Natural Fiber vs. Glass Fiber 2013 Fusion Grille Shutter Housing -Natural Fiber Composites reduce life cycle GHG emissions due to carbon sequestration during fiber production and lightweighting effect in vehicle use. -relative to the glass fiber part, the lightweighting benefit is significant and the fuel savings associated with the lighter part contributes a great deal to the improved performance -the transportation of kenaf is a relatively small impact

Natural Fiber Composites Sustainable Materials Portfolio castor soy palm Bio-based Foams algae wheat straw cellulose Natural Fiber Composites coconut Oat hulls bamboo Recycled Materials jeans bottles money fermentation sugarcane corn dandelion Bio-based Resins Ford recently announced able to demonstrate plastics made from carbon dioxide as a feedstock (ethanol or electricity/coal plants)- concentrated CO2 from manufacturing process; inserting C02 as the ester linkage in a polyester (could make PET, PU)- Novomer In conclusion…. Main take-away points from presentation Ford has a science-based Sustainability Strategy Ford has long history of eliminating SoCs ahead of regulation Ford supports the principles of Green Chemistry and continues to research and develop sustainable solutions! Renewable Elastomers

Potential applications Vision for Sustainable Rubber 1.) Domestic sources for elastomers 2.) Renewable fillers 3.) Bio-based extender oils Russian Dandelions Guayule Shrub* Bioisoprene (Biomass) Potential applications Corn Starch Recycled Tread Cellulose Ester There are many options out there to incorporate sustainable materials into the tire tread. Industry wide materials research includes alternatives to natural rubber such as: Russian Dandelions Guayule Bioisoprene There are also several options for renewable fillers and oils. *photos courtesy of USDA Orange Oil Tall Oil* Soy Oil* 6

Automotive Elastomer Parts Ford Confidential Automotive Elastomer Parts Elastomers are used in hundreds of parts in a typical vehicle including: Door weather strips Glass run channels Gaskets and seals Engine mounts Hoses and tubing Floor coverings and mats Splash and underbody shields Suspension bushings Tires

New Materials Development Process Physical and Mechanical Properties Cost and Material Availability Tire and Rubber Testing Materials Development Laboratory Predictors Vehicle Evaluations Formulation & Processing Challenges

Sustainable Natural Rubber Partnering with OSU –OARDC to develop Russian dandelion and guayule as a domestic source for natural rubber. Researching rubber formulations and performance using alternative sources to hevea natural rubber. Founding member of P.E.N.R.A. (Program of Excellence for Natural Rubber Alternatives) consortium, with industrial and university members.

Research Project: Soy Oils in Natural Rubber USB sponsored project Target: Tip Insert (“Slap Pad”) Durability and squeak are critical requirements

Research Project: Soy Oils in Chlorinated Polyethylene Rubber (CPE) USB sponsored project Target: Fuel Hose Covers Must pass WSS-M96D33-12 specification Outer protective layer to provide resistance to heat, ozone, and abrasion

Success: Renewable Materials Renewable feedstocks in production at Ford today soy jute castor beans 8 wheat straw rice hulls kenaf coconut cellulose

A Corporate Philosophy…

The Power of Collaboration Universities Research Farmers Resin Producer Chemical Companies NGOs Tier 1 Non-Competing Partners

Our Heritage “I am looking for a lot of people who have an infinite capacity to not know what can’t be done” Now and then, I wonder what Henry Ford would think of everything his company is doing, in the effort to improve how people use and interact with their cars. On one hand, our founder was a no-frills guy who thought black was a good enough paint color for everyone. On the other hand, Henry Ford was also an imaginative visionary who said, “I am looking for a lot of people who have an infinite capacity to not know what can't be done.” Though our ideas about what a car can be may have changed since Henry was with us … I’m here today in search of the same thing he was … Ford is still looking for a lot of people who don’t know what can’t be done. People with big ideas … like all of you. (PAUSE)

Thank you for your attention! Any questions?