Thoracic Cage and Pelvic Girdle maddy katie maya

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qpRip96e08

The Thoracic Cage Consists of thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum Provides support for the walls of the thoracic cavity Protects heart, lungs, and other internal organs Serves as base for muscles used in respiration

No Ribbing- The Facts About Ribs! There are 3 types of ribs: True ribs: 1-7 attached directly to the sternum by coastal cartilage False ribs: 8-12 attached to costal cartilage which merges with cartilage of rib 7 before reaching the sternum Floating ribs: 11-12 unattached to the sternum Ribs are fairly mobile as a result of their complex muscle structure, dual articulations at vertebrae, and flexible connection to the sternum. Because ribs are curved, their movements affect the width and depth of the thoracic cage, increasing or decreasing its volume.

Thoracic Cage Explained Manubrium: broad, upper part of the sternum. Articulates with the clavicles and the cartilage of the first pair of ribs. Body (of the Sternum): longer, thinner part of the sternum. Xiphoid Process: small cartilage that is fused to the sternum with a fibrous joint by age 15-29. Non-moveable.

Articulations and Markings Explained Jugular Notch: notch located at the top of the sternum. Large, visible dip. Clavicle/ Clavicular Articulation: Also called the collarbone. Articulates the manubrium with the sternum. Costal Cartilages: bars of hyaline cartilage that connect the ribs to the sternum and also contribute to the walls of the thorax

Problems that can Occur with the Thoracic Cage Because the Xiphoid Process does not fuse till later in life, impact/strong pressure from an accident can drive it into the liver, which can cause severe damage. Broken ribs can usually be fixed, however, in some cases broken ribs can lead to punctures to internal organs CPR training strongly emphasizes proper hand positioning so as to reduce the chances of breaking ribs.

Pelvic Girdle The Pelvic Girdle articulates with the thigh bones and hold up the weight of the body Because of the stress of weight bearing and locomotion, the bones of the pelvic girdle are more massive than those of the pectoral girdle The pelvic girdle protects the pelvic and abdominopelvic viscera and provides attachment for external reproductive organs and associated muscles/membranes

Pelvic Girdle Explained Sacrum: large, triangular bone that starts out as unfused vertebrae. Begin to fuse at age 16-18 and completely fused be 34. Illium: uppermost and largest bone of the pelvis. Ischium: forms the lower and back part of the hip bone Pubis/ Pubic Bone: lower limit of the suprapubic region, covered by a layer of fat. Coccyx: the tailbone, composed of fused vertebrae. Allows limited movement with the sacrum

Articulations and Markings Explained Iliac Crest: superior border of the greater pelvis Sacroiliac joint: joint between sacrum and ilium Pubic Crest: anterior border of the pubic bone Pubic Symphysis: midline cartilaginous joint, anterior to the bladder and superior to the genitalia

Patient: Doctor, after you bandaged my broken ribs, I keep getting a stitch in my side! Doctor: That's good, it shows the bones are knitting.