Unit 14 Zoology

beehive

honeycomb

bees

honey bee-keeper

Austrian zoologist Karl von Frisch won the 1973 Nobel Prize in physiology(动物生理学) or medicine. He discovered a number of pioneering breakthroughs in animal behavior.

Reading

Match the general idea of each paragraph. A. The circle dance B. A brief introduction of the bee C. Whether bees could tell each other the exact position. D. The wagging dance. E. Karl von Frisch built special hives to study bees. F. The number of wagging dances indicates the exact distance to the feeding place. G. “Bee-line” and “ to make a beeline for ” H. Something about the professor Para. 3 Para. 1 Para. 6 Para. 4 Para. 2 Para. 5 Para. 7 Para. 8

The structure of the passage Part I (Para.1) A brief introduction of the bee Professor Karl did many experiments and discovered the secret of the language the honey bees used to communicate news of food by circle dance and wagging dance. Part II (Para.2-7) Part III (Para.8) Professor Karl was given a Nobel Prize in 1973.

Questions: Why has the honey-bee interested scientists most? 2. What was Professor Karl von Frisch puzzled by? 3. What was the remaining question for Professor Karl von Frisch and his partners? 4. What is the circle dance? 5. What is the wagging dance?

Questions: 1. Why has the honey-bee interested scientists most? ---Because of the language they use to communicate with each other. 2. What was Professor Karl von Frisch puzzled by? ---When he placed little dishes of honey on a table, bees soon came. As soon as one bee discovered the honey, many more came one after another in a short time. 3. What was the remaining question for Professor Karl von Frisch and his partners? ---The remaining question was to find out whether bees could tell each other the exact position of a feeding place.

What is the circle dance? first to the right then to the left

What is the wagging dance? first in a straight line from side to side in a semicircle straight again another semicircle

True or false? (   ) 1.Animals do have a language like that of human beings. (  ) 2.Professor Karl Von Frisch is a scientist who did a lot of experiments on the ways bees communicate with each other. ( ) 3.He built special hives, each with only one honeycomb, for the experiment. (  ) 4.When he placed little dishes of milk on the table, bees soon came. (  ) 5. When a marked bee returned to the hive from the feeding table, it began to perform a dance on the surface of the honeycomb. F T T F T

(  ) 6. The bees that had been at the faraway feeding place performed a completely different dance from the one done by the bees that had been at the nearby feeding place. ( ) 7. In the circle dance, the bee first makes a circle to the left, then to the right. T F (  ) 8. Von Frisch and his co-workers counted how many times the bees repeated the wagging dance during one minute. (  ) 9. The number of wagging dances per minute told the distance to the feeding place. ( ) 10. Then Professor Von Frisch did his third experiment, which was to discover whether the wagging dance showed direction. (  ) 11. The experiment of Professor Karl von Frisch tells us that bees can and do communicate with each other by their dances, which may be called a kind of “language”. T T T T

Choose the best answers : 1. Scientists are most interested in_________ A. the honey bee B. some different varieties of bee C. bees who make nests in trees D. bees who don’t live in large groups 2. ____ made it possible to do research on the language of the honey bees. A. The experiments which was designed by Professor Von Frisch B. Discovering honey bees can communicate in dark hives C. The Development of the modern beehive in 1851 D. Professor Von Frisch’s newest discovery about the honey bees.

3. Honey bees pass information to each other by _____. A. doing circle dances B. using a verbal language C. doing different dances D. doing wagging dances 4.Honey bees are able to tell each other _______. A. what food has been discovered B. how far away the feeding place is C. whether there is danger nearby D. how much food they have found

5.In Paragraph 2, Professor Karl Von Frisch discovered_____. A. that bees were able to find food quickly B. how honey bees communicated with each other C. circle dances, and wagging dances had different meanings D. honey bees couldn’t communicate in their dark hives 6.Von Frisch did the following EXCEPT “ _____” to make his experiments more scientific. A. He set up two different feeding places B. He marked the bees with little spots of color C. He experimented with different types of bee D. He built a special hive with one honeycomb and a glass wall

7.Which is WRONG about the further information the professor and his men discovered?__________. A. The closer the feeding place is, the faster the wagging dance is. B. Bees fly a maximum distance of 3.2 km between their hive and a feeding place. C.The speed of the wagging dance can tell about the amount of food D. The direction of the wagging dance tells the direction of the feeding place. 8.Professor Von Frisch did experiment in Para 6 to discover___. A. whether the wagging dance showed direction B.how far bees can fly between their hive and a feeding place C.whether the wagging dance told the bees how far away a feeding place was D.how the straight part of the wagging dance was different when the sun’s position changed

9. “So another astonishing fact came to light.” the underlined part can be replaced by______. A. came up B. was discovered C. remained unknown D. needed to be checked out 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Honey bees can pass news of food at a high speed. B. Man can communicate in the same way as honey bees do. C. Man can learn something from animal’s behavior. D. The expression “to make a beeline for someone or something” was used centuries ago.

Bees don’t have a language like the human beings’, but they have a _______ of their own.It is a language of________. Professor Karl Von Frisch came to realize this after years of _______ on the life of bees. He discovered that bees could _________ the news of food by repeating a kind of circle dance. He further found out that they could tell the ______ of the feeding place by repeating a ______ dance. The farther away the food was, the _______ dance was. The number of wagging dances ________minute told the distance of the feeding place. Von Frisch also found that bees could tell the ________ of the food. After discovering food, the bees would make a _______ for it. language dances work communicate distance wagging slower per direction beeline

Extensive Reading

Britain’s well-known primatologist Jane Goodall receives a kiss from Pola, a young chimpanzee she adopted from Budapest’s zoo. Goodall began her pioneering study of Chimpanzees more than 40 years ago in Tanzania.

Questions: 1.Which group do human beings belong to? 2. What are the two key features of the primates? What do primates use to express themselves and communicate with each other? Why may the experiments not tell us much about how chimpanzees think and what they are able to do?

1.Which group do human beings belong to? A group called primates. 2. What are the two key features of the primates? ---Hands and feet can grasp and often have opposable thumbs and toes. ---Have a better sense of touch and the primate brain is larger.

3. What do primates use to express themselves and communicate with each other? --- They use facial expressions, body language and sounds to express themselves and they can even use colors and smell to communicate. 4.Why may the experiments not tell us much about how chimpanzees think and what they are able to do? ---The reason is what the chimpanzees are trained to do is not natural to them, nor does it make much sense to the animals.

Main idea of each paragraph Depending on the size of the brain, primates are divided into two groups Primates are divided into two other groups. Important differences between apes and monkeys. Most primates live in groups, and communicate and behave in advanced ways. Information about the chimpanzee Experiments about the chimpanzee