Jewish History 1800-Today

Jew’s Gain Citizenship Jew’s Gain Full Rights 1814- Denmark 1830- Greece 1831- Belgium 1870- Sweden 1832- Canada 1908- Turkey 1917- Russia 1919-1923- Romania

Anti-Semitism "Jew" as a verb comes into popular use in North America in the 1840’s. "To Jew" means to strike a bargain or employ questionable business practices 1867- German journalist Wilhelm Marr coins the word "anti-Semitism" so that Jew-hatred can be discussed in polite society. Denied access to residential and resort areas, membership in clubs and organizations Race riots World War II

Modern Jewish Orthodox Movement Founded in the early 20th century Attempts to blend Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law, with the secular, modern world Shares many values with Religious Zionism Recognizes the importance and value of secular studies

World War I Russian forces in retreat drive 600,000 Jews from their homes. Over 2,700 men volunteer for the new Jewish Legion of the British Army which fought in Transjordan, among other places. 1918- Treaty of Versailles formally ends Word War I. Out of an estimated 1.5 million Jewish soldiers in all the armies, approximately 170,000 were killed and over 100,000 cited for valor.

World War II 1933--Germany begins anti-Jewish boycott. March 22, 1933 Dachau, the first German concentration camp is opened. 1934--In Afghanistan, two thousand Jews are expelled from towns and forced to live in the wilderness.

World War II (Cont.) Nov. 9, 1938--Kristallnacht — German Jewish synagogues burned down. 1938--More than 100,000 Jews march in an anti-Hitler parade in New York's Madison Square Garden. 1945– WW2 ends Approximately 6 million Jews had died

Zionist Movement primarily a nationalist or national liberation Jewish political movement supports the self-determination of the Jewish people in a sovereign Jewish national homeland. General Zionism, Religious Zionism, Labor Zionism, Revisionist Zionism, Green Zionism, etc. founded in the late 19th century by secular Jews, as a response to rising anti-Semitism in Europe.

Israel Established on 14 May 1948 Homeland for Jewish people Today, 40% of the world’s Jews live in Israel Represents a historical success of Zionism

Harry Houdini (1874-1926 ) Born as Eric Weisz master escape artist raised in an orthodox home Parents: Rabbi Mayer Samuel Weisz (1829–1892) and, Cecelia Father served as Rabbi of the Zion Reform Jewish Congregation

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) German-born Jew Cultural Zionist Escaped Nazi Germany in 1933 Became U.S. citizen in 1940 Theory of General Relativity

Arthur Miller (1915-2005) American playwright "Death of a Salesman," The Crucible" and "A View From the Bridge." Parents: Isidore and Augusta Miller, Polish-Jewish immigrants

Judaism Today Many different branches (orthodox, reform, conservative) There were13,421,000 Jews worldwide in 2010 U.S.--- 45% of all Jews 1% world population is Jewish