Behavioral Theories of Leadership Chapter 9 Behavioral Theories of Leadership © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Learning Outcomes After completing this chapter, the student should understand the: Difference between leaders and managers. Importance of Lewin’s behavioral studies. Role of trait theory in the evolution of leadership research. Importance of the Ohio State and University of Michigan studies. Blake and Mouton’s Managerial Grid. © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

What is Leadership? Leadership can be described as a complex process by which a person sets direction and influences others to accomplish a mission, task, or objective, and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent (Winder, 2003). © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Managers vs. Leaders A manager is a person who directs the work of employees and is responsible for results. A leader inspires employees with a vision and helps them cope with change. Two separate behaviors but both very necessary for an organization to achieve its goals! © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Lewin’s Behavioral Study One of the earliest studies regarding the effect of leadership was performed in the 1930s under the direction of Kurt Lewin. Three types of leadership styles were studied: Authoritarian Democratic Laissez-Faire © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Great Person Theory Individuals are born with leadership traits. © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Trait Theory The attempt to identify personality characteristics that appeared to differentiate leaders from followers. © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Trait Theory Common Characteristics Intelligence Maturity Inner motivation High achievers Employee centeredness Emotionally mature Broad range of interest Honesty Integrity Self-confidence Cognitive ability Creative Flexibility © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Ohio State Leadership Studies © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

University of Michigan Studies Studies conducted to attempt to determine the most effective style of leadership: An employee-centered focus, or A production-centered focus © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Blake and Mouton’s Managerial Grid © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC