Hematocrit.

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Presentation transcript:

Hematocrit

What is Hematocrit? 1. The ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood. 2. Blood is composed mainly of red blood cells and white blood cells suspended in an almost clear fluid called serum. 3. In most labs, the hematocrit is measured by a machine that automatically determines a variety of blood tests referred to as the blood count CBC (complete blood count). 4. The spun hematocrit or "spun crit“ is centrifuged blood that divides the blood components by density. 5. The red cells collect at the bottom and form a red column and are separated from the straw-colored serum column by a small area composed of white blood cells. 6. The height of the red cell column divided by the height of the total fluid in the capillary tube equals the hematocrit (percentage of RBC's in the total blood volume).

What is Hematocrit? Normal Hematocrit: Newborns: 55%-68% One (1) week of age: 47%-65% One (1) month of age: 37%-49% Three (3) months of age: 30%-36% One (1) year of age: 29%-41% Ten (10) years of age: 36%-40% Adult males: 42%-54% Adult women: 38%-46%

What is Hematocrit? Low hematocrit is anemia. Causes of low hematocrit, or anemia, include: Bleeding (ulcers, trauma, colon cancer, internal bleeding) Destruction of red blood cells (sickle cell anemia, enlarged spleen) Decreased production of red blood cells (bone marrow suppression, cancer, drugs) Nutritional problems (low iron, B 12, folate and malnutrition) Overhydration (polydypsia, intravenous overhydration)

Causes of a high hematocrit include: What is Hematocrit? Causes of a high hematocrit include: Dehydration (heat exhaustion, no available source of fluids) Low availability of oxygen (smoking, high altitude, pulmonary fibrosis) Genetic (congenital heart diseases) Erythrocytosis (over-production of red blood cells by the bone marrow or polycythemia vera) Cor pulmonale - pulmonary hypertension or right side heart failure causes (COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, chronic sleep apnea, pulmonary embolisms)

Centifuged Blood Whole Blood Plasma Formed Elements

Anna RBC Vol. = Hematocrit Whole Blood Vol. Normal