CEOS-GEO Disasters Support Presented at the NRT Workshop/LaRC by Stuart Frye, NASA/GSFC/SGT stuart.frye@nasa.gov 27-29 September 2016

Acronyms CEOS – Committee on Earth Observation Satellites GEO – Group on Earth Observations GEOSS – Global Earth Observation System of Systems AmeriGEOSS – GEOSS in the Americas

Committee on Earth Observation Satellites What is CEOS Committee on Earth Observation Satellites Established in 1984 under auspices of G-7 Economic Summit of Industrialized Nations Focal point for international coordination of civilian space-related Earth Observation (EO) activities Optimize benefits through cooperation of members in mission planning and in development of compatible data products, formats, services, applications, and policies Operates through best efforts of Members and Associates via voluntary contributions

CEOS GEO CEOS and GEO 31 Space Agencies 28 Associates Space Arm of 59 agencies operating 135 satellites Space Arm of Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery. GEO 101 governments & EU 92 organizations

Initiative-Related Mechanisms Others where justified … Coordination in Satellite Earth Observations CEOS coordinates satellite Earth observations by: Working Groups for common technical issues Virtual Constellations to address key observational gaps and bring together relevant CEOS resources and expertise Ad-hoc teams to respond to GEO global Initiatives Working Groups WG on Information Systems and Services WG on Calibration and Validation WG on Capacity Building and Data Democracy WG on Climate (joint with CGMS) WG on Disasters Virtual Constellations Atmospheric Composition Precipitation Land Surface Imaging Ocean Colour Radiometry Ocean Surface Topography Ocean Surface Vector Wind Sea Surface Temperature Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years to foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery. Initiative-Related Mechanisms Ad hoc Team on GEOGLAM Space Data Coordination Group for GFOI Water Strategy Implementation Study Team Others where justified …

CEOS and GEO Disasters work under NASA Flood and Landslide Pilots led by NASA Flood Pilot Co-leads Stu Frye and Bob Kuligowski/NOAA Landslide Pilot Co-leads Dalia Kirschbaum/GSFC, Jonathan Godt/USGS, Jean-Philippe Malet/University of Strasbourg, Sigrid Roessner/GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CEOS and GEO Disasters activities leverage the proliferation of automated web services with machine-to-machine application programmer interfaces combined with the scaling down of products from gigabyte raster images to vector-based formats that can be easily combined as map layers by end users into their own analysis platforms  These tools provide delivery mechanisms, processing techniques, data formats, and web service interfaces on top of remote sensing data sources that are becoming more and more a part of normal disaster response protocols at the state, national, regional, and international level

Floods Pilot: Global Component: GFMS GFMS cited by UN World Food Program: "The Global Flood Monitoring System (GFMS) provides one key step further by indicating how an excess rainfall event will impact river flow, and also whether there is a potential for flooding downstream away from the heavy rain event," said E.Niebuhr, World Food Program. "We check the GFMS nearly every single day to monitor current flood concerns, and also to assist in discovering new flood events that may not have been reported yet or are developing”. Nepal Department of Hydrology and Meteorology and ICIMOD used GFMS data after the Nepal earthquake Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery.

How Data Are Being Exploited Geographic Area Product Value Added Partner Haiti Flood extent maps, flood risk maps, landslide maps, flash flood guidance / threat maps, integrated risk assessment platform SERTIT, CIMA, INGV, Altamira, CIMH, RASOR FP7, NOAA/HRC Other Caribbean islands, Central America Flood damage maps, change detection products, co-registered map overlays CATHALAC, CIMH, NASA/GSFC Namibia Flood extent maps, flood warning products, co-registered map overlays Namibia Hydrology Dept, Namibian Water Authority, NASA Zambezi basin Flood extent maps, flood forecast models, flood hazard maps, flood depth forecasts Lippmann Institute (PAPARAZZI, HAZARD, WATCHFUL), DELTARES, RSS Mekong Flood extent maps, flood risk maps, flash flood guidance / threat maps Mekong River Commission, NASA, NOAA/HRC, USGS, University of South Carolina, Texas A&M Java (Bandung, Jakarta, Cilacap) Flood risk maps, subsidence maps tied to flood risk, tsunami risk maps (Cilacap only), flood extent maps SERTIT, Deltares, CIMA, Altamira, INGV, RASOR FP7 Products used by: national end users, civil protection agencies, World Bank, Red Cross, World Food Program, River Commissions (Kavango, Zambezi, Mekong) 8

Flood Pilot Data Acquisition Status Since 3/2016 WGDisasters Meeting Detailed EO Requirements for each Pilot approved at 2013 Plenary; acquisition allocations approved at 2014 Plenary Individual requests from each Pilot coordinated by co-leads and detailed on consolidated request form…totals shown below are in addition to data provided by the Charter Data distribution co-ordinated by co-leads (the lack of standardized data ordering and distribution makes it labor-intensive to target acquisitions and disseminate data) Mission / Instrument Repeat or Revisit Swath Width Spatial Resolution Agency Image Counts Annual Quota Since 3/2016 WGDisasters Meeting Cumulative Total Optical - Coarse Resolution (>100 m) Terra / MODIS 1 day 2230 km 250, 500, 1000 m NASA   Aqua / MODIS NPP / VIIRS 3000 km 375, 750 m Optical - Moderate Resolution (10 to 100 m) Sentinel-2A / MSI 10 days 290 km 10, 20, 60 m ESA EO-1 / ALI 204 days 185 km 10, 30 m 300 11 81 Landsat-8 / OLI 16 days 15, 30 m USGS 8 78 Optical - High Resolution (<10 m) SPOT (archive only) 26 days 60 km 1.5 and 6 m CNES Pleiades 20 km 50 cm and 2 m 50 9-12* L-Band SAR ALOS-2 / PALSAR-2 14 days 25 to 350 km 10 to 100 m JAXA 100 40 C-Band SAR Sentinel-1A / SAR 12 days 80, 250, 400 km 9, 20, 50 m 5 52 Sentinel-1B / SAR Radarsat-2 / SAR-C 1-6 days 50 to 500 km 8 to 100 m CSA 500 (3 yr) 6 123 X-Band SAR Cosmo Sky-Med / SAR-2000 5 days 10 to 200 km 1 to 100 m ASI 4 107 *includes a set of 4 stripes over Jakarta corresponding to 7-9 individual images 9

Floods Pilot: Regional Results Mississippi Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery. ALOS-2, Jan 1, 2016 ALOS-2, Jan 11, 2016 ALOS-2, Jan 16, 2016

Seismic and Volcano Pilot Results: Cotopaxi Unrest Initial 2015 CSK data analysis seems to show inflation (longer time-series required) Ascending Descending Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery. MORU MORU Cerro Quilindana

AmeriGEOSS Initiative: Approved at GEO Plenary Mexico City Nov 2016 There are currently 15 Americas Caucus Member countries: Argentina Bahamas Belize Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica The goal is to engage: All countries and Participating Organizations in North, Central, South America, and the Caribbean. Global GEO members and Participating Organizations working in the Americas. Ecuador Honduras Mexico Panama Paraguay Peru United States Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery.

AmeriGEOSS Initiative: Regional Coordination Process America’s Caucus – GEO Principals Regional Coordination Working Group (WG) Agriculture and Food Security WG Disaster Risk Reduction WG Water Resources WG Ecosystems & Biodiversity WG Foundational Activities WG Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery. Next: to develop TORs for each step in this Coordination Process

AmeriGEOSS Disasters WG Overview Bring all GEO global initiatives to the Americas region with AmeriGEOSS, and AmeriGEOSS regional needs to the global initiatives. For Disasters, this means: Support the Sendai Framework’s first priority of understanding disaster risk Support Disaster related sustainable development goals Gather together the GEO disasters community activities and global initiatives, e.g. Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories (GSNL) and GEO Data Access for Risk Management (GEO-DARMA) and bring them to the Americas Expose Americas needs to these activities Coordinate with the CEOS Working Group on Disasters regional activities AmeriGEOSS Coordination Working Group (CWG) has been meeting to prepare for GEO-XIII in Russia in November and to plan for the 2017 AmeriGEOSS week What we are trying to do is pull together the larger Americas community for Disasters EO Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery.

AmeriGEOSS Disasters Working Group Points of Contact Mexico POC = Carlos Miguel Valdes Gonzalez/Director cvaldesg@cenapred.unam.mx Colombia POC = Diana Faneyra Robles/Disasters POC diana.robles@gestiondelriesgo.gov.co Chile POC’s = Luciano Parodi/Ministry of Foreign Affairs lparodi@minrel.gov.cl, Alvaro Monett /SNIT-IDE amoneth@mbienes.cl Argentina liaisons until POCs are named = Lucas Bruno lucas.bruno@conae.gov.ar, Efrain Ardini  eardini@conae.gov.ar Peru liaisons until POCs are named = Jorge Pacheo jrpachecol@conida.gob.pe Canada liaison until POCs are named = Laura Mills Laura.Mills@ec.gc.ca Costa Rica liaisons until POCs are named = Juan Carlos Fallas <jcfallas@imn.ac.cr>, Werner Stolz (wstolz@imn.ac.cr) Paraguay liaison until POCs are named = Alberto Yanosky yanosky@guyra.org.py USA POC’s nancy.d.searby@nasa.gov, stuart.frye@nasa.gov, donald.v.sullivan@nasa.gov, gerald.w.bawden@nasa.gov, angelica.gutierrez@noaa.gov, jennifer.lewis@noaa.gov, paul.seymour@noaa.gov, woodec@usgs.gov Other partners/stakeholders: Regional Climate Change Program Platform Alejandro Solis of Development Alternatives Inc (DAI) Alejandro_Solis@dai.com GEOSS AIP Capacity Building in Chile Lucia Lovison lucia.lovison@gmail.com Certain disasters occur on a scale that puts them in a category of their own. In particular, the damage they cause requires an enormous effort over several years ot foster full recovery. Satellite EO can play a major role supporting this recovery.

NRT Categories Used in Disasters Direct downlink from Landsat, Terra, Aqua, and NPP (regional footprint only with < 1 hour latency at downlink site) Every 3 hours GPM IMERG and TRMM precipitation Daily MODIS from LANCE (3 hour latency after ground receipt) EO-1 (4-6 hours after ground receipt with systematic geolocation) Daily Landsat from Earth Explorer (6-10 hour latency from imaging time for ortho-rectified delivery) Sentinels and ALOS-2 (8-16 hours after ground receipt) Other targeted assets (up to 24 hours after ground receipt)

Backup Slides Disaster dashboards Disaster API components

Caribbean/Central American Dashboard http://matsu-flashflood.opensciencedatacloud.org/

Southern Africa Dashboard http://matsu-namibiaflood.opensciencedatacloud.org/

ojo-streamer.herokuapp.com/ Prototype Global Interface for Precipitation, Flood, and Landslide Data Products ojo-streamer.herokuapp.com/

Other Web Service Disasters Links • OpenID Provider-Server = https://op.geobliki.com/ controls the security (this is where you setup your account) • Campaign Manager = http://geobpms.geobliki.com/home allows tasking requests to be submitted (i.e., targets) • EO-1 Observations Server = http://eo1.geobliki.com/ this is where data for NASA’s Earth Observing One (EO-1) can be found along with the status of future and past task requests • Radarsat Observation Server = http://radarsat.geobliki.com/radarsat where we provide access to Radar raw data, browse images, metadata, and processed flood products • MODIS Flood Server (API) = http://modis.geobliki.com/modis is where you can point your browser to manually check on daily MODIS flood maps • MODIS Flood Server (GUI) = http://oas.gsfc.nasa.gov/floodmap/ is the server that provides an API for accessing the daily MODIS maps Instructions for use available at: https://eo1.gsfc.nasa.gov/new/sensorWebExp/Sensor%20Web%20Instruction.docx