Tuesday Warm Up Q’s What is deforestation? What is desertification? Why might there be “water wars in Africa”? What has led to desertification? Why are droughts a problem in Africa?

SS7G3: Explain how the characteristics of the Sahara, Sahel, savanna, and Rainforest affect where people live, the type of work they do, and how they travel EQ: How does the physical characteristics in Africa affect people and their way of life?

Sahara Sahel Rainforest Savanna Sahara

Sahara Sahara

Dry land – hard to produce crops REGION Who lives here? Where do they live? What do they do for a living? How do they travel? Problem facing the area?   Sahara  Nomadic- “Turaeg” roam the desert in search of basic needs  Traders- traditionally gold and salt  Travel by camel traditionally Desertification Sahel  Semi-nomadic- settle areas for herding or farming until the land will not produce  Herders and farmers  Travel by camel and by foot Dry land – hard to produce crops Rainforest  Home to small groups- nomadic hunters and gatherers & small settlements  All needs come from the land without harming the environment – hunter/gatherers Travel by foot  Destruction of rainforest and government intervention has led to fewer forest dwellers Savanna  Settle in family villages  Herders- cattle is wealth  Travel by foot Biggest threat- population growth- farming and ranching

People of the Sahara The majority of the people living in the Sahara Desert are nomads, which means that these people continuously move from region to region in search of better living conditions. It is believed that the first nomadic peoples came to this region after domestic animals were introduced to the Sahara 7,000 years ago. Tuareg- “free man”- nomads of the Sahara

Sahel Sahara

People of the Sahel Life on the Sahel is difficult and precarious (risky). A majority of the people in the Sahel area are involved in nomadic herding. There are a minority of people involved in limited peanut and millet farming. Subsistence- farming for your own needs

Savanna Sahara

People of the Savanna People of the savanna live the traditional way. The most famous of the savanna people of Kenya and Tanzania are the Maasai tribe. They raise cattle. Several families live together in a group of 10-20 huts and houses are made of branches, twigs, grass and mud.

People of the Savanna Women build the houses and go for water. Sometimes they have to walk many miles to find water. The main food is milk. They raise sheep and goats for meat.

Rainforest Sahara

People of the Tropical Rainforest Tropical rainforests are home to tribal people who rely on their surroundings for food, shelter, and medicines. The people of the rainforest have learned how to use the plants and animals of the rainforest without harming it. Through thousands of years of living in the rainforest, rainforest people have adapted to the rainforest climate.

People of the Tropical Rainforest They don't need to drink a lot of water because they get so much water in the foods they eat. Rainforest people sweat less than other people because the air is so full of moisture that sweating doesn't cool their bodies very well.

People of the Tropical Rainforest Today very few forest people live in traditional ways; most have been displaced by outside settlers or have been forced to give up their lifestyles by governments. In Africa there are native forest dwellers sometimes known as pygmies. The tallest of these people, also known as the Mbuti, rarely exceed 5 feet in height.

People of the Tropical Rainforest Their small size enables them to move about the forest more efficiently than taller people. Today most forest dwellers live in small settlements or practice nomadic hunting and gathering.

Recap Sahara Nomadic- Turaeg- roam the desert in search of basic needs Traders- traditionally gold and salt Travel by camel traditionally Sahel Semi-nomadic- settle areas for herding or farming until the land will not produce Herders and farmers Travel by camel and by foot

Recap Savannas Settle in family villages Herders- cattle is wealth Travel by foot Biggest threat- population growth- farming and ranching Rainforest Home to small groups- nomadic hunters and gatherers & small settlements Live simple lives All needs come from the land without harming the environment Destruction of rainforest and government intervention has led to fewer forest dwellers

Sahara Sahel Rainforest Savanna Sahara

QUIZ

1. These people are herders 1. These people are herders. They live together in family units and raise cattle. Their main food is milk and meat. They are the people of the ___________.

2. These people are mainly hunters and gatherers 2. These people are mainly hunters and gatherers. They are losing their traditional way of life because of government intervention in their habitat. They are short and sweat very little even though they live in a very warm climate. These are the people of the _____________.

3. These people are nomadic and mainly trade for survival 3. These people are nomadic and mainly trade for survival. Their main goal is to seek out the necessities of life- food and water. They live in a very harsh environment and rely on camels for transportation. These are the people of the __________________.

4. These people live a semi-nomadic life as herders and farmers 4. These people live a semi-nomadic life as herders and farmers. They move according to the rainy season. Their habitat is slowing disappearing due to their herding and farming practices. These are the people of the _________________.