Data and Resources Available for Safety Analysis Traffic Records Forum August 7-10, 2016 – Baltimore

The HSIS Team Federal Highway Administration Office of Safety R&D Partnering Agencies California Illinois Maine Minnesota North Carolina Ohio Washington Charlotte Research Team UNC Highway Safety Research Center LENDIS Corporation (HSIS Lab) VHB MRIGlobal University of Maryland ITE www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Purpose To develop safety-related knowledge and to assist other researchers in developing this knowledge HSIS is much more than a database! The HSIS can be used to analyze a large number of safety problems. They can range from the more basic "problem identification" issues to identify the size and extent of a safety problem to modeling efforts that attempt to predict future accidents from roadway characteristics and traffic factors. www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Functions Provide quality data to road safety researchers (often in support of other national research programs, such as NCHRP) Conduct research to support FHWA’s focus areas Prepare safety assessments using data from HSIS, FARS, GES, HPMS, and other sources Support development and use of data collection and analytical tools for the study of highway safety The system is designed to provide data to be used in research conducted in the general public interest, which is intended for publication in a scientific journal or other national publication. www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Database Roadway Inventory Crash Information Traffic Volumes Files can be linked for a wide spectrum of safety studies Occupant Characteristics Vehicle Characteristics Other Information www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Agencies www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Range of Data www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS File Types All of the selected States maintain basic crash files, roadway inventory files, and traffic files. In addition, individual States also collect other types of data. Depending on the particular problem being studied, files from one or more States may be used by the analyst. The following table indicates the files that are available. Crash - Contains basic accident, vehicle, and occupant information on a case-by-case basis. Typical data include type of accident, type of vehicle, sex and age of occupants, fixed-object struck, accident severity, and weather conditions. Roadway Inventory - Contains information on roadway cross-section and the type of roadway. Data include the number of lanes, lane width, shoulder width and type, median width, rural/urban designation, and functional classification. Traffic Volume - Contains annual average daily traffic (AADT) data. Additional data on hourly volumes and percentage of trucks is also available in selected States and/or locations. Roadway Geometrics - Contains horizontal curve and vertical grade information. Data include degree of curve, length of curve, percent grade. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) - Contains VIN data decoded using the VINDICATOR program. Data include make and model, body style, body type, curb weight, and wheelbase. Intersection - Contains information on highway intersections. Data include traffic control type, intersection type, signal phasing, and turn lanes. Interchange/Ramp - Contains information on highway interchanges. Data include interchange type and ramp characteristics. Guardrail/Barrier - Contains an inventory of guardrail. Data include guardrail type, post type, rail height, and terminal type. www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Users Federal Transportation Agencies FHWA NHTSA FMCSA NTSB BTS Non-Traditional Federal Agencies EPA CDC Researchers Universities Consultants Nonprofits Other Government Agencies State DOTs MPOs AASHTO FHWA: R&D, Office of Safety, Divisions & Resource Centers, Federal Lands NHTSA, NTSB, FMCSA, BTS CDC, EPA, NCHRP, Universities, State DOT’s, Contractors/consultants, MPO’s, IIHS, Carfax www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Products Data HSIS Summaries FHWA Research Reports Journal Articles (TRR, AAP, ITE, …) Safety Analysis Tools Since its inception, the HSIS has been used in a wide variety of research efforts. Products of these efforts include summary reports, research reports, safety analysis tools, and published articles and technical papers in professional journals. www.HSISinfo.org

Types of Safety Research Large problem identification and tracking (e.g., US pedestrian, intersection, or lane departure crashes and fatalities) Identification of potential sites needing treatment Development of predictive models to examine effects of roadway design variables on crashes Development of Crash Modification Factors using before/after or other evaluations.

HSIS Research Impact Highway Safety Manual IHSDM SafetyAnalyst CMF/SPF Guidance FHWA Policies Improved Methodologies www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Roadway Studies Horizontal and vertical alignment Safety edge shoulder treatment Road diets Rumble strips Lane/shoulder width combinations Median width Two-lane to four-lane conversions HOV lanes Cable median barriers Wildlife-vehicle collisions www.HSISinfo.org

HSIS Intersection Studies Intersection angle Converting Traffic Signals from Incandescent Bulbs to LEDs Discontinuing Late Night Flash Operations at Signalized Intersections Transverse rumble strips Left-turn signal phasing at high-speed intersections Red light running cameras Stop Ahead pavement markings Since its inception, the HSIS has been used in a wide variety of research efforts. Products of these efforts include summary reports, research reports, safety analysis tools, and published articles and technical papers in professional journals. www.HSISinfo.org

Requesting Data Research Problem Statement Define Data Needs Match Research Needs to HSIS Data HSIS Data Tables and Guidebooks Submit Request HSIS Requested Data HSIS Staff Review Request Denied Follow-up with HSIS Staff www.HSISinfo.org

Data Use Requirement www.HSISinfo.org

New HSIS Safety Efforts Artificial Realistic Data Urban/Suburban Arterials – cross section design and curvature V2I Pilots – potential for crash-reducing technology red-light running, curves, stop-control gap assist Spatial data acquisition and dissemination Transportation Safety Textbook STAC support - NDS research ideas www.HSISinfo.org

Outreach to Students Goal – introduce students to HSIS data & promote safety research 2016 – Inaugural competition Winner to be announced next week – ITE Annual Meeting www.HSISinfo.org

New Data Sources – Coming Soon! Roadway Lighting Motorcycle Crash Causation www.HSISinfo.org

Roadway Lighting Data Field measurements of luminance Front, side, and rear readings 2,114 miles covered 63% interstates and freeways, 23% principal arterials, 11% minor arterials, 4% collectors

Vehicle-collected luminance measurements, geocoded with lat/long Roadway Lighting Data Vehicle-collected luminance measurements, geocoded with lat/long Luminance points “snapped” to road centerline and assigned route and milepost address

Roadway Lighting Data CA, DE, MN, NC, VA, VT, and WA

Motorcycle Crash Data Orange County, CA 350 crashes, 2011 to 2016 2 controls for each crash Up to 1,689 data elements for each crash

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