6.1 The Expansion of Industry

Question 6.1 Focus Question: How did industrialization & new technology affect the economy & Society? What was the byproduct of making kerosene? What was the bessemer process? Who invented: barbed wire, reaper, steel plow, telephone, AC current. What was the name of the 1st sky scraper? What was in Menlo Park, NJ? Predict what effect these people and advancements will have on the U.S.?

Black Gold A byproduct of the conversion process was gasoline. In 1859, Edwin L. Drake designed a steam engine to drill for oil. Oil was converted into kerosene.

Steel Coal & iron are the two resources needed to produce steel. The Bessemer process injected air into molten iron which removed the carbon and produced steel.

New Uses for Steel William LeBaron Jenney designed the first skyscraper with a steel frame, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago. Cyrus McCormick invented the reaper, which increased crop production. Joseph Glidden invented barbed wire. This helped the farmers in the west & brought an end to the open-range. John Deere created the steel plow which allowed farmers to cultivate the Great Plains.

Electricity George Westinghouse, Edison’s major competitor, introduces AC (alternating current), a safer a less expensive form of electricity. Thomas Alva Edison perfects the light bulb in his research laboratory in Menlo Park, NJ. The introduction of electricity allowed manufacturers to build factories wherever they wanted.

New Inventions Christopher Sholes invented the typewriter in 1867. The typewriter & the telephone demeaned the job of secretary. Women quickly began to replace men as secretaries & receptionists. Christopher Sholes invented the typewriter in 1867. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

Lifestyle Changes Factory workers became easily replaceable because of machinery. They began to feel a loss of worth and pride. Advertising began to appear for the first time. Overall, the standard of living improved throughout the country.

Modern Times Alexander Graham Bell: American Telephone & Telegraph (AT & T) Oil: Pennzoil Company was created in 1889, originally called South Penn Oil Company. George Westinghouse: Westinghouse Electric John Deere: Deere farming & lawn equipment. Thomas Edison: General Electric

Entrepreneur: a person who invests money to make a profit Protective tariff: a tax that makes imported goods more expensive Laissez faire: government does not heavily regulate business Bessemer process: method of making steel Thomas Edison: inventor