GLOBALISATION
Content Definition Economical Globalisation Technological Globalisation Cultural Globalisation Ecology Global warming The EU Pros & Cons Q&A References
Definition Globalisation is the worldwide exchange on an economic, technological & cultural level by which the world is gradually becoming unified. → achieved through a global network of political ideas, communication, transport and trade Often seen as an unstoppable process, that affects people all around the globe
Economical Globalisation displayed by the activity of the multinational companies (= global players) → produce wherever labour & overhead costs are cheapest & sell throughout the global market Leads to: constant pressure to cut costs → aims: efficiency, speed, flexibility, profits employees welfare & job security are neglected by global players
Technological Globalisation rapid advances in technology → allows people to communicate more easily & efficiently by computer or mobile phone
Cultural Globalisation global spread of multicultural influences (e.g food, art, fashion) → multicultural society → process = promoted by continuing increase in global economic activity & advances in communication technologies
Ecology deforestation (of rainforests) Global warming Environmental pollution (oil, CO2) Food-miles: people do not buy locally and seasonal products anymore Everyone leaves a Carbon footprint (production of greenhouse gases from factories, cars, trains etc.) → Greenhouse gases: cause chemical damage to the atmosphere (ozone hole) as well as global warming
Global warming Greenhouse gases form a layer around the earth trapping heat & thereby causing the temperature on the ground to rise Consequences of global warming: → Extreme weather conditions; Hurricanes & storms get stronger and more frequent → rising of sea level: Floods, heavy rainfall, drought, (wild)fires, melting of polar icecaps → Biodiversity is threatened, many animals & plants become endangered → increase of diseases and migration
The EU After the 2nd World War there was a desire for a united Europe to prevent extreme forms of nationalism Today´s EU -> 1993 Maastricht treaty – individual member states: regarded as 1 global player Currently 27 states belong to the European Union (EU) Aims of the EU: Friendly relations between member countries Guarantee freedom and justice for Europe Prosperity and social progress while keeping diversity alive International representation with a single voice
Pros & Cons Developing countries Hopes/ Opportunities Dangers, risks and fears Developing countries new jobs are available and access to world market available reduction of poverty increasing dependence on foreign support, credit & investment unfair / inhumane working conditions Economy exports improve economy (international/free trade) wide range of products/food at any time growing prosperity for producers people in industrial countries lose jobs The latest financial crisis shows that a crisis which starts in one country can affect others as well negatively
Pros & Cons Culture greater understanding & tolerance towards other people, their traditions and culture. regional & ethnic tensions (racism) fear that individual cultures will blend into a single global culture (loss of cultural diversity) Politics spread of freedom, democracy & human rights → reduction of wars & conflicts worldwide Peaceful, borderless world of shared universal values, general economic prosperity & ecological stability massive illegal immigration increasing power of global players (loss of control)
Pros & Cons Environment Generally pollution (more transport = co2 higher emissions) global warming Generally faster/better communication + exchange technological progress easier travelling wider range of products wider gap between rich & poor due to increased mobility, diseases like H1N1 can easily spread all around the globe → pandemia
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References http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/601/effects-of- globalization-on-work-and-organizations-exploring-post- industrialism-post-fordism-work-and-management-in-the- global-era https://www.abiunity.de/download.php?id=18762&sid= http://www.dictionary.com/browse/globalization https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about- sweatshops