Week Thirteen Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)

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Presentation transcript:

Week Thirteen Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJoaksSKaOo&feature=related

Lidar principles Lidar R = ½ tc Night scanning Water penetration Color drape (during day) For DEMs

Lidar principles Early: transects under planes Modern: scanning mirrors Lidar creates masspoints arranged by time Sampling densities vary from 1 pt. / 20 m2 to 20 pts. / 1 m2

Lidar principles System requirements Laser scanner - generates laser pulses and time the reflections GPS - provides positioning using differential GPS Inertial measurement unit (IMU) measures angular motion and velocity data and corrects errors A computer ensures each individual component is performing correctly

Lidar principles Lidar makes fantastic DEMs Digital surface model (DSM) – features on surface Digital terrain model (DTM) – bare earth only

Lidar principles Satellite platforms: German Aerospace Center – methane lidar 2012 ICESat Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) – decommissioned in Aug., 2% of earth’s forests ICESat II – 2015 launch Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO)

Multiple returns Airborne platforms use single and multiple returns depends on what instantaneous laser footprint sees (1st return and 2nd return) 93% or more lost in trees veg. removal filters manual edit

Multiple returns

Lidar principles Airborne platforms: http://www.lidarmapping.com/ http://lidarservices.com/ http://merrick.com/index.php/geospatial/services- gss/lidar http://www.lasermap.com/laserM/home_en.htm and many more…

Just points - pre-interpolation Masspoints to surfaces

Just points - pre-interpolation Masspoints to surfaces

Just points - pre-interpolation Masspoints to surfaces

Just points - pre-interpolation Masspoints to surfaces

Interpolation Masspoints to surfaces

Interpolation Masspoints to surfaces

Laser intensity What exactly is returned by laser? Return looks panchromatic… but it’s not Trees scatter laser (look dark) Grass and bare earth reflect (look light) “there are no rigorous guidelines about how to interpret lidar intensity images” – pg. 345

Laser intensity

Laser intensity

Terrestrial lidar (laser scanning) ScanStation C10

Terrestrial lidar (laser scanning)

Terrestrial lidar (laser scanning)

Terrestrial lidar (laser scanning)

Terrestrial lidar (laser scanning)

Terrestrial lidar (laser scanning)

Some applications Figure from: http://www.caryandassociates.com/downloads/eijournal_industryinsights.pdf Also: archaeology, historical preservation, landslide and geomorphic feature mapping, engineering, real estate, clear air turbulence detection, virtual tours, cave mapping, wind farms, adaptive cruise control and vehicle city safety