Effective Study Review the material (mind map) Talk physics (flash cards, focus) Practise Questions (workbook or Exam) Mark and correct (make notes) Recommended Timing: 2.3 Waves (4 credits) 40 minutes 2.4 Mechanics (6 credits) 55 minutes 2.6 Electricity (6 credits)

Mechanics τ = Fd Circular Motion Centripetal force: caused by friction or tension or gravity Centripetal acceleration: due to a change in direction NOT speed Vectors have direction E 10° S Velocity Acceleration Adding vectors using Pythagoras Don’t forget the angle! Energy Separate vertical and horizontal motion Mechanics Torque (N m) τ = Fd Balance: Clockwise torques = anticlockwise torques Momentum (kg ms-1) p = mv Always conserved (unless acted upon by an unbalanced force) Impulse Δp = Ft 1st: An object will travel at constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced resultant force Newton’s Laws of Motion 3rd: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction 2nd: Unbalanced resultant force leads to an acceleration F = ma Friction and air resistance opposes motion

Waves v = fλ , T=1/f f is negative Di, Hi is negative Reflection Longitudinal and Transverse Total Internal Reflection at critical angle Electromagnetic Spectrum Diverging Converging Mirrors & Lenses Refraction: TAG AGA f is positive Di, Hi is positive Diffraction, max if λ = gap longer λ get diffracted more Waves Ray Diagrams Superposition & Interference Standing Waves Interference pattern Constructive (max amp) & destructive (min amp)

Electricity Series and Parallel circuit rules Voltage, V, Volts Uniform Electric Field, E Resistance, R, Ohms Current, I, Amps Electric potential energy, ΔE Static Electricity Energy, E, Joules DC Electricity Power, P, Watts Force on a charge in an E-field Electricity Ohm’s Law graphs (V/I) Induced voltage generated across a conductor moving in a B-field & Generators Electromagnetism Force on a charged particle in a B-field DC Motor Force on a current carrying conductor in a B-field (motor effect)