PARTS OF HUMAN HEART AND THEIR FUNCTION By: Group 3 Ratih Anggraeni Sri Restutik Suis Priyati Tuhfatul Laily

WALL OF HEART Epicardium Myocardium Endocardium

The human heart is four chambered The human heart is four chambered. The upper chambers are called the atria or the auricles and the lower two chambers are called the ventricles. The two atria are separated by the interatrial septum. The two ventricles are separated from each other by the interventricular septum. The ventricles have more muscular walls than the auricles. The right side of the heart collects de-oxygenated blood from the body into the right atria and then via the right ventricle pumps it into the lungs so that carbon dioxide can be dropped off and oxygen picked up. The left side of the heart collects oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atria. From the left atria the blood moves to the left ventricle which pumps it out to supply oxygen to the body.

Right Atria / Auricles It collects deoxygenated blood returning from the body (through the vena cavas) and then forces it into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.

Left Atria / Auricles It collects oxygenated blood returning from the lungs and then forces it into the left ventricle through the mitral valve or bicuspid valve.

Right Ventricle It collects deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and then forces it into the lungs through the pulmonary valve.

Left Ventricle It is the largest and the strongest chamber in the heart. It pushes blood through the aortic valve and into the body.

Valves of Heart Tricuspid Valves The right auricle opens into the lower right ventricle. This opening is guarded by auriculo-ventricular valve (auriculo ventricular valve). This valve is called the tricuspid valve as it has three flaps. Bicuspid Valves Pulmonary Valves Aorta Valves

Continue…. Bicuspid Valves The left auricle opens into the lower left ventricle. This opening is guarded by the bicuspid (having two flaps) or the mitral valve. The tricuspid and the bicuspid valves prevent backflow of blood into the auricles from the ventricles when the latter pump the blood into the blood vessels.

Aorta Pulmonary Arteries Inferior Vena Cava Pulmonary Veins Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Arteries Inferior Vena Cava

Aorta : It is the largest artery and carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Superior Vena Cava : Deoxygenated blood from the upper parts of the body returns to the heart through the superior vena cava. Inferior Vena Cava : Deoxygenated blood from the lower parts of the body returns to the heart through the inferior vena cava.

Pulmonary Veins : They carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart. Pulmonary Arteries : They carry blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen.

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