STAAR Review Quiz #4 Early Republic MORNING REVIEW STAAR Review Quiz #4 Early Republic

Origin of Political Parties First American Political Parties Washington Dealing with Britain and France and Spain His Cabinet Whiskey Rebellion Farewell Address Adams Conflict with France X,Y,Z Affair Alien And Sedition Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions Midnight Judges Jefferson Embargo Louisiana Purchase Lewis and Clark Madison War of 1812 Monroe Nationalism Industrial Revolution Florida and Missouri Monroe Doctrine Supreme Court Cases

WHY POLITICAL PARTIES EXIST Because people have an opinion about how a country should be run When people unite, their voices are better heard Parties express the will of a section of the population

THE GOOD… Parties help the voice of the people be heard Parties can help make sure the powerless have a voice Parties offer an alternate view of government’s decisions Political Parties keep a watchful eye on their opponents

THE BAD… Parties are divisive (Just like George said) Parties can make complex issues into slogans People can let party leaders do their thinking for them

THE UGLY…. People can become closed minded to any ideas not supported by their party Parties can become more focused on defeating each other than they are on doing what is best for the country

Federalists First Political Parties Democratic-Republicans Led by Alexander Hamilton Strong Central Government National Bank Flexible, or loose construction of the Constitution Manufacturing, business and trade Close ties with Britain Led by Thomas Jefferson Strong State Governments No National Bank Strict interpretation of the Constitution Agricultural economy (made up of family farms) Close ties with France Want what’s best for the U.S. Democratic-Republicans

FIRST POLITICAL PARTIES Federalists Democratic-Republicans Led by Alexander Hamilton Strong Central Government National Bank Flexible, or loose construction of the Constitution Manufacturing, business and trade Close ties with Britain Led by Thomas Jefferson Strong State Governments No National Bank Strict interpretation of the Constitution Agricultural economy (made up of family farms) Close ties with France

GEORGE WASHINGTON Cabinet of Rivals (Hamilton and Jefferson didn’t agree) Precedent – setter Used Hamilton’s Economic plan Kept U.S. out of War Elected by Unanimous vote of the Electoral College Treaties with England and Spain Put down the Whiskey Rebellion Retired after two terms

Avoid Political Parties Steer Clear of “entangling foreign alliances” FAREWELL ADDRESS Avoid Political Parties Steer Clear of “entangling foreign alliances” They are divisive They will lead us to wars we don’t want or need

HAMILTON’S ECONOMIC PLAN Pay states’ war debt Raise $ through tariffs Establish a National Bank Pay off old bonds and issue new ones

JOHN ADAMS - FEDERALIST Undeclared war with France X,Y,Z Affair Alien and Sedition Acts Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions Midnight Judges

THOMAS JEFFERSON – DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN Negotiate with France Asked for New Orleans, got all of Louisiana Doubles size of US US Controls the Mississippi River Embargo Act No foreign trade Hurt US economy Shrinks size of government Reduces military Grows to dislike being President

SUPREME COURT DECISIONS Marbury v Madison Maryland V McColloch Gibbons v Ogden All three cases have the effect of STRENGTHENING THE POWER OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 1st time the court rules a law unconstitutional Establishes Judicial Review States cannot tax the National Bank NY and NJ argue over which controls trade on Hudson River Court rules that the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT controls trade

JAMES MADISON – DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN Weakens Jefferson’s Embargo, but economy still suffering Foreign Policy Dominated by WAR of 1812 Popular in the West Unpopular in New England

Causes WAR OF 1812 British Interfere with U.S. Trade British Incite Indians to attack American settlers British impressments of American Sailors

Effects WAR OF 1812 Industrial Revolution Takes off Nationalism (The “Era of Good Feelings”) Effects Native American Resistance is weakened Industrial Revolution Takes off

JAMES MONROE – DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN

FOREIGN POLICY IN THE EARLY REPUBLIC Washington’s Neutrality Adams negotiates with France instead of War Jefferson issues Embargo rather than get drawn into War Monroe includes message that the U.S. will not interfere with European wars