November 17, 2014 Objectives: Explain how skin heals Differentiate between different degrees of burns Explain how skin grafting works Journal: Compare and contrast skin and hair growth.

Burns and Healing

Skin Damage If skin is damaged and blood vessels are broken, the wound fills up with blood Blood contains a substance called fibrin that cause it to form a clot Scabs form when the clot is exposed to air

How Skin Heals White blood cells destroy any pathogens Fibroblasts: cells that can develop into connective tissue Begin to pull the wound together The basal layer of the epidermis begins to hyperproduce new cells to take the place of the lost cells

Healing from the Inside Out Wounds heal from the inside to the outside with the inner layers of the wound forming first and being pushed outward as new skin forms Limits pathogens from being trapped inside the layers of skin

Scars Scars made of tough collagen fiber may form if wounds are deep enough Scar tissue does not contain any accessory organs or sense of feeling Can be minimized through stitches or staples that bring together the ends of the wound

Burn Causes Heat Electricity Chemicals Radiation

Burn Severity Depends on: Depth of the burn Size of the area burned

Degree of Burns 1st Degree: Damage to the epidermis only Skin redness and pain No blistering Pain subsides in 3 days with no scarring Damaged skin sloughs off in a week Ex: Sunburn

Degree of Burns 2nd Degree: Damage to the epidermis and part of the dermis Causes pain, redness, and blistering Cases with minimal blistering heal within 2 weeks, but cases with extensive blistering can take up to 14 weeks to heal Scarring is common

Degree of Burns 3rd Degree: Damage to all three layers of the skin Skin surface has a leathery feel to it and appears black, brown, tan, red, or white No pain is felt because pain receptors are destroyed Blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands are destroyed

Degree of Burns 4th Degree: Burns that penetrate to the bone

Concerns for Burn Patients Bacterial Infection Fluid Loss Heat Loss

Burn Victim Video Chemicals - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LeVaW4mrTc

Skin Grafting Damaged skin must be removed Healthy skin is placed over damaged areas so it may begin to grow Autografting: Ideally the patients own skin is used because it eliminates the changes of tissue rejection Artificial skin can also be grown in a lab and used for grafting

Problems with Skin Grafting Tissues can be rejected by the body and attacked by the immune system Grafting often requires repeat surgeries because large skin grafts cannot be done at once Often the grafts don’t take and skin doesn’t grow to meet it

Artificial Skin Video http://my.brainshark.com/Video-Series-Artificial-Skin-Options-for-Burn-Victims-786253860